Design monocoque structure

Of course it did not happen like that. The beginnings of an integral steel structure were first seen in the early twenties with the Lancia Lambda over the next fifteen years or so widespread use was made of unitized steel monocoque structures, notably by Citroen and Opel. The huge post-war growth in automobile production was based almost entirely on unitized designs, and in recent years new technology has helped to make this system virtually unassailable for volume production. 

Monsanto s house of the future (Fig. 4.37) located in Disney Land, FL was built during 1957 of practically all glass fiber-TS polyester RP other plastics also used and reinforced concrete (foundation). MIT professors designed it. View (a) shows the four U-shaped monocoque structural cantilever beams each 16 ft from the square center foundation. View (b) shows load bearing requirements of the cantilever beams. View (c) is a sectional view of the house. 

We usually must go beyond the simple concept of a monocoque or single-thickness skin for whatever structure we design. That is, we must usually consider the bending stiffness, and, to achieve structural efficiency, we often must stiffen a structure in some manner. We will first address the terminology of stiffening and how it is used. Then, we will consider the types of stiffeners that could be used. Next, an important issue that arises in the design of stiffeners is whether the stiffener has an open- or a closed-cross section. Then, we will address some of the... 

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