Desalination of Water in Large Scale

To make saline water usable, removal of salinity is essential. This is called desalination and during this process some other minerals are also removed. The methods of desalination are listed below. 

Three types of distillation processes are used to desalinate water, but none of them use clay. These three methods are  

These processes are widely used for water purification, decontamination and water softening. Being a reversible process, the ion exchanger can be reused with desirable ions. 

Separation/desalination/purification using membranes is essentially a mechanical process and usually no heating is needed but sometime operates using pressure, thus consiunes less energy. The main division of this method are (i) Electro-Dialysis Reversal (EDR), (ii) Reverse Osmosis (RO), (iii) Nano-Filtration (NF) and (iv) Membrane Distillation. 

---