Deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase

Griffith, T.J. Helleiner, C.W. The partial purification of deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinases from L cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 108, 114-124 (1965)... 

Another instance of the induction of enzymes not ordinarily present in E. coli which occurs upon infection with bacteriophage T2 (see Section I, D and II, E) is found in the work of Bello and Bessman ( 4), who isolated from T2-infected E. coli, a deoxynucleoside monophosphate kinase with specificities quite distinct from those of the kinases discussed above. The phage-induced kinase is specific for deoxj/ribonucleoside monophosphates and will phosphorylate three of the four nucleotides destined for phage DNA deoxyguanylate, thymidylate, and hydroxymethyldeoxycyti-dylate. The enzyme does not phosphorylate deoxyadenylate. 

NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE 2 -Deoxynucleoside 5 -monophosphate, NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE (DEOXY)NUCLEOSIDE MONOPHOSPHATE KINASE... 

The existence of kinases which convert deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates to their triphosphates has been recognized for a considerable time. For example, Komberg and his co-workers 30), in their pioneering experiments with DNA polymerase, used enzymatically prepared triphosphates labeled in the a-phosphate enzyme preparations partly purified from E. coii extracts were employed to convert o- P-labeled deoxynucleoside monophosphates to the ct-Iabeled triphosphates. 

All NRTIs, as exemplified for AZT (Fig. 7), act in a similar fashion following their uptake by the cells, they are phosphorylated successively to their 5 -monophosphate, 5 -diphosphate, and 5 -triphosphate form (De Clercq 2002). Unlike the first phosphorylation step in the metabolic pathway of the acyclic guanosine analogues (see above), which is carried out by a virus-encoded enzyme (thymidine kinase), the first as well as the subsequent phosphorylations of the 2, 3 -dideoxynucleosides are carried out by cellular enzymes, that is, a 2 -deoxynucleoside (e.g., dThd) kinase, a 2 -deoxynucleotide (e.g., dTMP) kinase, and a (2 -deoxy)nucleoside 5 -diphosphate (NDP) kinase. 

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