Dehydrogenation of n-butenes

The reaction scheme is rather complex also in the case of the oxidation of o-xylene (41a, 87a), of the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes over bismuth-molybdenum catalyst (87b), or of ethylbenzene on aluminum oxide catalysts (87c), in the hydrogenolysis of glucose (87d) over Ni-kieselguhr or of n-butane on a nickel on silica catalyst (87e), and in the hydrogenation of succinimide in isopropyl alcohol on Ni-Al2Oa catalyst (87f) or of acetophenone on Rh-Al203 catalyst (87g). Decomposition of n-and sec-butyl acetates on synthetic zeolites accompanied by the isomerization of the formed butenes has also been the subject of a kinetic study (87h). 

Butadiene (> 98%w/w) 20 ooo longtons Catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butenes feedstock of liquid mixed hydrocarbon stream containing 80.5 mol % n-butenes, 11.5 mol % n-butane, and 1 mol % of higher hydrocarbons. 

The dehydrogenation of n-butenes or n-butane represents one of the main processes for the production of butadiene, In this process the principal problem is the... 

The dehydrogenation process feed can be refinery streams from the catalytic cracking processes. This mixed C4 stream typically contains less than 20 percent n-butenes. For use in dehydrogenation, however, it should be concentrated to 80-95 percent. The isobutylene generally is removed first by a selective extraction-hydration process. The n-butenes in the raffinate are then separated from the butanes by an extractive distillation. The catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butenes to 1,3-butadiene is carried out in the presence of steam at high temperature (>600°C) and... 

The dehydrogenation of n-butenes, diluted with steam, on a Shell 205 catalyst can be described approximately by two first-order reactions in series (A B C) ... 

This technique, developed in the United States during the Second World War, has been employed mainly by Esso Research and Engineering, chiefly for the production of butadiene by dehydrogenation of n-butenes and/or n-butane. Its industrial implementa tion involves the following steps ... 

On the mechanism of the selective oxy-dehydrogenation of n-butenes to 1,3-butadiene on magnesium ferrite an FT-IR study. 

The most important method for production of butadiene is the catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butenes, e.g. ... 

Lee, H., Jung, J. and Song, I. (2009). Oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadieene over sulphated ZnFe204 catalyst, Catal. Lett., 133, pp. 321-327. 

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