Deformation and fracture processes

Both experimental and numerical work is currently in progress. Coupling of the drying, deformation and fracture processes is a complex problem, where, for the sake of simplicity, possible coupling between flow in cracks in the solid has not been considered... 

In comparison the plastic deformation and fracture processes, both in the laboratory and in industrial practice, have largely been dealt with at a phenomenological level, and often separately for different polymers and blends, rather than from a unified and comprehensive mechanistic perspective. This has left the mechanisms governing the deformation and fracture resistance of polymers far less well understood. 

Bond GM, Robertson IM, Bimbaum HK. The influence of hydrogen on deformation and fracture processes in high-strength aluminum alloys. Acta MetalL 1987 35 2289-2296. 

The theory of polymer fibres durability, derived by Jurkov s ther-mal-fluctuational theory assumes the origin of deformation and fracture processes in the atomic-molecular and supramolecular mechanism. Its peculiar importance resides in the fact that this theory explains the role played by the chains orientation during the occurrence of deformation and fracture. On can conclude that the increase of fibres resistance and, therefore, durability can be... 

Rehbinder, P. A. and E. D. Shchukin. 1972. Surface phenomena in solids during deformation and fracture processes. In Progress in Surface Science, S. G. Davison (Ed.), pp. 97-188. Oxford, U.K. Pergamon Press. 

FIGURE 7.4 Stress, P strain, e curves for a pure zinc single crystal and a zinc single crystal covered with mercury film. (From Rehbinder, P.A. and Shchukin, E.D., Surface phenomena in solids during deformation and fracture processes, in Progress in Surface Science, S.G. Davison (Ed.), Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., 1972, pp. 97-188 Shchukin, E.D. and Lichtman, V.I., Doklady AN SSSR., 124, 307, 1959.)... 

A hybrid atomistie/eontinuum mechanics method is established in the Feng et al. [70] study the deformation and fracture behaviors of CNTs in composites. The unit eell eontaining a CNT embedded in a matrix is divided in three regions, whieh are simulated by the atomic-potential method, the continumn method based on the modified Cauchy-Bom rule, and the classical continuum mechanics, respectively. The effect of CNT interaction is taken into account via the Mori-Tanaka effective field method of micromechanics. This method not only can predict the formation of Stone-Wales (5-7-7-5) defects, but also simulate the subsequent deformation and fracture process of CNTs. It is found that the critical strain of defect nucleation in a CNT is sensitive to its chiral angle but not to its diameter. The critical strain of Stone-Wales defect formation of zigzag CNTs is nearly twice that of armchair CNTs. Due to the constraint effect of matrix, the CNTs embedded in a composite are easier to fracture in comparison with those not embedded. With the increase in the Young s modulus of the matrix, the critical breaking strain of CNTs decreases. 

In addition to the study of the structure of materials, the influence of several parameters on morphology can be studied, in particular the influence of mechanical loading. There are several methods to investigate deformation and fracture processes, which are discussed in detail in [1,2,5]. The direct imaging techniques of microscopy allow very direct determination of the morphology and... 

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