Defects stabilized

This approach, along with the use of H(D) atoms and CH3 and C2H5 radicals as paramagnetic probes, was further applied to reveal the nature of other types of diamagnetic defects stabilized on the Si02 surface [18,51,52,73],... 

Cation vacancies and interstitials, (111) twins and stacking faults, grain boundaries, microstrains, misfit dislocation network at C03O4/C0O interface Dislocations and (100) stacking faults intergrowth of e and P phases. Cations vacancies and superstructure (110) stacking faults and twins Clusters of point defects (110) twins surface steps, dislocations, spinel microinclusions, planar defects stabilized by impurities. 

The presence, and to some degree the discovery, of TGB phases in liquid-crystalline systems stems from theoretical studies by de Gennes [18], Through modeling of the N-A transition, de Gennes predicted that, for a second order nematic to smectic A phase transition, a defect stabilized phase could occur... 

Fig. 44. Calculated microfacetted 111 surface of MgO. (a) Defect stabilized, an oxygen-terminated stacking sequence has been made nondipolar by removing half of the oxygen atoms from the surface and altering the stacking sequence as shown in Figure 2. (b) Mi-crofaceting creates a pseudo- lll surface by surface reconstruction into pyramidal structures with 100 facets. In (b), these pyramids are constructed from the first two layers of the perfect surface. In (c), they are constructed fi om the first four layers. From Ref (347).

B2 Cu(lOO) 120 Kelvin III -0.9 10 L HREELS, TDS defects stabilize H2O clusters... 

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