Decontamination indoor

Lysimeter assembly and pre-installation testing should be conducted in a clean area, preferably indoors. Careful installation is necessary to ensure proper operation. The components of the lysimeters may need to be decontaminated prior to installation... 

The use of catalysts for exploiting renewable energy sources, producing clean fuels in refineries, and minimizing the by-product formation in industry also fall within the definition of environmental catalysis. In the future, the continuous effort to control transport emissions, improve indoor ah quality, and decontaminate polluted water and soil will further boost catalytic technology. All in all, catalysts will continue to be a valuable asset in the effort to protect human health, the natural environment, and the existence of life on Earth. 

Ti02-coated glass, tiles, concrete, and polymers are being manufactured (7). The main purpose is to obtain self-cleaning materials (1,7,68). Some of them can also be used as decontaminating materials indoors when very weak ambient UV light needs to be counterbalanced by a large area covered by these materials (7). 

Ideally, decontamination occurs outside the hospital by EMS providers (Johnson, 1997). If this does not occur, prepare a decontamination area for the patient. If possible, the ideal location is outdoors (see Table 26.4). If indoor decontamination is necessary, a decontamination room is the next ideal location. Indoor decontamination should occur only in cases in which a controlled indoor environment may be maintained safely. 

Also, the agents used to decontaminate children should be careftiUy selected. Bleach or hypochlorite solutions are not recommended for use with children due to the possibility of skin irritation or damage (Rotenberg et al, 2003). Water is the gold standard for decontamination. When employing water decontamination, the temperature of the water must be addressed. Children, especially newborns and infants, are prone to hypothermia and hemodynamic instability from cold water. Water at a comfortable temperature is recommended along with a good supply of blankets which can be used to quickly warm up pediatric patients after water decontamination. In some situations, indoor sprinkler systems have been used when outdoor conditions were inhospitable. 

Misuse of pesticides can occur. Methyl parathion (11.11) is an insecticide that is permitted for use on crops outdoors, but is banned from indoor use. It was used for control of cockroaches in 2700 houses in Mississippi and surrounding states in 1996. About 330 families had to be evacuated from their homes. Decontamination is expected to cost 50 million dollars.41 Ironically, some people in Louisiana deliberately sprayed their homes with methyl parathion to obtain free repairs. As mentioned in Chap. 1, pesticide residues on foods are monitored and are not normally a problem. However, there have been some instances of pesticides used illegally on food crops.42 This tends to happen more often on foods imported into the United States and Canada from developing nations.43... 

Indoor decontamination is more commonly driven by concern for short- or long-term human health than for environmental protection. This concern for human health is often prompted by the discovery of former PCB spills and the presence of incidental contamination in older facilities. Human health exposure is usually associated with surface or airborne contamination, neither of which is typically associated with concrete contamination. Nonetheless, routine tracking or spillage of PCB on concrete will result in the need for concrete cleaning or removal in older plants where employees could still be exposed. 

---