De Saussure

Further, the nature of the gas far outpaces that of the adsorbent in its influence on the value of a, a fact noticed by de Saussure (21) as early as 1814. According to Baerwald (22) (1907) if A, B, C. . . denote different gases, it appears that the relation... 

It was observed by de Saussure in 1814 that heat is evolved during the adsorption of gases on charcoal, and quantitative measurements were made by Favre (24) (1874), Chappuis (1888), and Dewar (25) (1904). 

Before the availability of artificial fertilizers in the mid-19th century, farms were traditionally organic, with recycling of animal waste, and perhaps with the application of lime on acid soils. Agricultural chemical analysis may have begun with Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742-1786), the Swedish pharmacist who isolated citric acid from lemons and gooseberries and malic acid from apples. In France, Nicolas Theodore de Saussure (1767-1845) studied the mineral composition of plant ash, and in Britain, Sir Humphrey Davy... 

Something very similar had been conceived during the Symbolist era, itself a period notoriously fascinated with hermetic languages, by a thinker with no particular artistic or occultist inclinations, the Swiss linguist Eerdinand de Saussure (1857-1913). He stated that any successful attempt to communicate ideas requires a system of conventions, by which means what was... 

T. de Saussure Systematic studies on adsorption. He discovered the exothermic character of adsorption 1814... 

According to T. de Saussure (1814), charcoal absorbs about 85 times its own volume of hydrogen chloride at 12° and under a press, of 724 mm. and according to P. A. Favre, charcoal absorbs about 165 c.c. of hydrogen chloride per gram, and lO O Cals, of heat are evolved per mol. of gas absorbed. The actual amount absorbed depends upon the nature of the charcoal.20 G. Gore has observed the Pouillet effect with hydrochloric acid and silica. 

Carbon dioxide.—The existence of carbon dioxide in air was demonstrated by J. Black7 between 1752 and 1754 ten years later by D. McBride and in 1774, by T. Bergman. H. B. de Saussure employed lime-water as a test and N. T. de Saussure, alkaline-lye. The latter process was used by A. F. de Fourcroy, F. H. A. von Humboldt, B. Lewy, E. Frankland, I. Maeagno, etc., and P. Thenard weighed the barium carbonate produced by the action of the carbon dioxide on baryta-water. 

Important memoirs were published by N. T. de Saussure, Sur lea variations de I acide... 

J. H. Coste and E. R. Andrews measured the solubility of nitrogen in soln. of sodium, potassium and ammonium chlorides and A. T. Larsen and C. A. Black, in liquid ammonia. N. T. de Saussure said that 100 vols. of either water or alcohol of sp. gr. 0-84 dissolve 4-2 vols. of nitrogen at 18° and 760 mm. The solubility of nitrogen is greater in alcohol than in water. R. Bunsen gave for the absorption coefi. ... 

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