Daunorubicin analogs cells

In other applications, Anne et al. used electrochemical reduction to synthesize new daunorubicin analogs. Kano et al. studied the electrochemical properties of Adriamycin adsorbed on a mercury electrode, while Konse et al. studied the electrochemical properties of Adriamycin adsorbed on pyrolyte graphite electrodes modified by phospholipid membranes. This latter work has relevance to the interaction of Adriamycin with cell membranes. 

A second important and practical improvement is the use of a compound that blocks the efflux of the fluorescent substrate. The measurement of the ratio of fluorescent probe accumulating in the cell with and without a Pgp blocker makes the obtained data less dependent on a number of parameters that may cause variation between cells and samples. We have chosen to use the cyclosporin analog PSC 833 as Pgp inhibitor, which, at a concentration of 2 iM, completely blocks the Pgp-mediated efflux of probes such as daunorubicin or rhodamine 123 in cells with a clinically relevant Pgp content (6,11,14). In addition, we have chosen to measure the practically more convenient cellular accumulation of probe instead of cellular retention after an efflux period, although the latter is theoretically more sensitive (15). In our experience, the use of rhodamine 123 as Pgp probe, combined with PSC 833 as Pgp inhibitor, offers a sensitive and reproducible Pgp functional assay in AML. Although we prefer to use fresh cells, appropriately frozen and thawed cells can be used for this assay, as extensively discussed previously (4,14). 

---