Isotope daughter

All of these daughter isotopes occur naturally thus it is always necessary to show that in the rocks of interest the daughter element present originated only from the decay of the parent, or the fraction of the daughter isotope that is from the decay of the parent must be separately determined. 

Thorium isotope concentrations and ratios, as well as parent and daughter isotope concentrations, are used to date and study the formation and metamorphosis of rocks and sediments. For example, has been used to date coral reef terraces (4). / Th disequiUbria and Th/ Th... 

The nature of the radioactive decay is characteristic of the element it can be used to fingerprint die substance. Decay continues until bodi die original element and its daughter isotopes are non-radioactive. The half-life, i.e. die time taken for half of an element s atoms to become non-radioactive, varies from millions of years for some elements to fractions of a second for odiers. 

Fractionation of Th and Pa daughter isotopes from U parent isotopes. One of the... 

The age equation. The Pa age equation, calculated assuming no chemical shifts in protactinium or uranium and an initial Pa/ U = 0, is analogous to the Th age equation (Eqn. 1), but simpler. There is no term analogous to the term because there is no long-lived intermediate daughter isotope between and Pa ... 

Uranium-series dating is by far the most widely-used dating technique applied to speleothems, and is only applicable to material that is currently in a state of disequilibrium. Given the rates of ingrowth of daughter isotopes of Pa and °Th, conditions of uranium-series disequilibrium in systems which have remained isotopically-closed are generally restricted to materials < 500 ka... 

U and Th concentrations in secondary deposits precipitated from solution generally reflect relative abundances in the hydrosphere. Uranium is co-precipitated with CaCOs in subaerial environments on exsolution of CO2 (or evaporation), while the immediate daughter products are essentially absent. This represents extreme chemical fractionation of parent and daughter isotopes within the hydrosphere. 

The geochemistry of marine sediments is a major source of information about the past environment. Of the many measurements that provide such information, those of the U-series nuclides are unusual in that they inform us about the rate and timescales of processes. Oceanic processes such as sedimentation, productivity, and circulation, typically occur on timescales too short to be assessed using parent-daughter isotope systems such as Rb-Sr or Sm-Nd. So the only radioactive clocks that we can turn to are those provided by cosmogenic nuclides (principally or the U-series nuclides. This makes the U-series nuclides powerful allies in the quest to understand the past ocean-climate system and has led to their widespread application over the last decade. 

Methods Based on Measurement of Radioactive Radiation or Amount of Radioactive Isotope or Daughter Isotope in Materials ... 

Potassium argon Relative amounts of parent-and daughter-isotope Volcanic rocks Textbox 15... 

Once the ratio of parent-to-daughter isotopes has been determined, the geological age of the sample is given by ... 

Silant ev et al. [94] have described a procedure for the determination of 90strontium in small volumes of seawater. This method is based on the determination of the daughter isotope 90yttrium. The sample is acidified with... 

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