Cylindrical oxygen pumps

The cylindrical oxygen pumps based on zirconia electrolytes, in contrast from the lamellar oxygen pumps, can be utilized in such compact designs as test tubes, crucibles, and the like. Therefore, their practical implementation is more accepted by industry. The principal scheme of the cylindrical oxygen pump is shown in Figure... 

The solution was contained in a cylindrical Pyrex or silica optical cell, 2.5 cm. in diameter and 2 cm. optical depth, fitted with a side arm of diameter about 1 cm. for connection to the vacuum line (see Fig. 10). Both phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence in fluid solution at room temperature are quenched by exceedingly low concentrations of molecular oxygen, and efficient deaeration is of the utmost importance. The following procedure was found to be satisfactory. The cell was first cooled in an acetone/C02 bath and pumped out. It was then isolated from the pump, refluxed to remove dissolved gas, cooled again in the... 

One device of this type was discussed by Hickam and Witkowski(23). In the diffusion limited devices that have been discussed, the flow rate of the gas is not normally an important factor. In the Hickam device, however, the gas flow is of paramount importance and new possibilities or complications arise. The structure consists of pump (upstream) and sensor (downstream) cells cylindrically surrounding a flowing stream of gas containing oxygen. The sensor cell EMF is fedback to the pump so that oxygen is either added to or subtracted from the stream in the amount required to keep the sensor EMF at a constant value. For a calibrated device, the amount of pump current required measures the oxygen content of the gas at the inlet of the structure provided the flow rate is held constant. Alternately, if a gas of constant composition were employed, the structure could be used to measure flow rate. 

All experiments were carried out in a 500 mL cylindrical contact tower (300 mm x 170 mm ID), as shown in Figure II. The ozone was generated from the ozone generator Dwyer Model-2001 (manufactured by the Jelight Co. Ltd. CA, USA) and driven by an air pump with adjustable flow rates. The ozone-oxygen mixture was then ted into the contact tower through a porous plate gas sparer located at the tower s base. 500 mL of dye solution was used during each batch ozonation. A mechanical stirrer worked with the gas diffuser to achieve sufficient recirculation of the dye solution, so a favorable gas transfer rate was expected (Lin S.H., 1993). 

The catalyst solution is pumped from the flash drum to the bottom of another vertical cylindrical reactor. Air is compressed and enters the bottom of the reactor where it flows concurrently upward with the catalyst solution. Oxygen from the compressed air reacts with the catalyst solution at about 130°C (265 F) and 10 atm. (130 psig) to reoxidize cuprous chloride to cupric chloride. The exothermic heat of this reaction raises the temperature slightly and the reoxidized catalyst flows back to the ethylene oxidation... 

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