Cylinders forced-convection heat transfer from

Fand, R.M. and Keswani, K.K., Combined Natural and Forced Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinders to Water , Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 16, p. 175, 1973. 

Equating the Nusselt numbers for pure natural convection and pure forced convection provides a good estimate of the Ra-Re curve along which mixed convection effects are most important, as already discussed. After a careful study of available data, Morgan [198] proposed the following equation for forced convection heat transfer from a cylinder for cross flow in a low-turbulence airstream ... 

K. Nasr, S. Ramadhyani, and R. Viskanta, An Experimental Investigation on Forced Convection Heat Transfer From a Cylinder Embedded in a Packed Bed, J. Heat Transfer (116) 73,1994. 

Oosthuizen, P.H., Combined Forced and Free Convective Heat Transfer from a Horizontal Cylinder in an Axiai Stream , Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Num. Methods in Thermal Problems, Vol. 3, Pineridge Press, Swansea, U.K., pp. 529-539. 1983. 

Using the procedure outlined in this chapter for using the boundars laser equations to find the-forced convective heat transfer rate from a circular cylinder buried in a saturated porous medium, investigate the heat transfer rate from cylinders with an elliptical cross-section with their major axes aligned with the forced flow. The surface velocity distribution should be obtained from a suitable book on fluid mechanics. 

Oosthuizen. P.H. and Paul, J.T.. Mixed Convective Heat Transfer from a Cylinder in a Porous Medium Including Maximum Density Effects , Proc. ASME Winter Annual Meeting, HTD-Vol. 180, Fundamentals of Forced and Mixed Convection and Transport Phenomena, Am. Soc. Mech. Eng.. New York, 1991, pp. 19-27. 

In free convection, there is a new complexity in that fluid motion arises from buoyancy forces due to the density differences, and the momentum, heat and mass balance equations are therefore coupled. The published analytical results for heat transfer from plates, cylinders and spheres involve significant approximations. This work has been reviewed by Shenoy and Mashelkar [1982] and Irvine and Kami [1987] the simple expressions (which are also considered to be reliable) for heat transfer coefficients are given in the following sections. 

Fand, R. M. Heat Transfer by Forced Convection from a Cylinder to Water in Crossflow, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 8, p. 995, 1965. 

Churchill, S. W., and M. Bernstein A Correlating Equation for Forced Convection from Gases and Liquids to a Circular Cylinder in Crossflow, J. Heat Transfer, vol. 99, pp. 300-306, 1977. 

S. W. Churchill and M. Berstein, A correlating equation for forced convection from gases and liquids to a circular cylinder in crossflow, J. Heat Transfer, 99,300-306,1977. 

Heat Transfer between a Fluid and the External Surfece of a Tube (Cylinder) Heat transfer by forced convection from a fluid to the surface of a cylinder for cross flow is given by the following empirical correlation (Cengel, 2002) ... 

Solution. Heat transfer may occur by both free convection transverse to the filament surface and by forced convection as the strand moves through the water. We first estimate h for free convection from a horizontal cylinder using Eq. 5.130. The properties of water are needed at >, but 7> changes along the length of the strand. We calculate Num at the beginning and end of the bath. At the beginning... 

---