Nitration cycloparaffins

Nitrations are highly exothermic, ie, ca 126 kj/mol (30 kcal/mol). However, the heat of reaction varies with the hydrocarbon that is nitrated. The mechanism of a nitration depends on the reactants and the operating conditions. The reactions usually are either ionic or free-radical. Ionic nitrations are commonly used for aromatics many heterocycHcs hydroxyl compounds, eg, simple alcohols, glycols, glycerol, and cellulose and amines. Nitration of paraffins, cycloparaffins, and olefins frequentiy involves a free-radical reaction. Aromatic compounds and other hydrocarbons sometimes can be nitrated by free-radical reactions, but generally such reactions are less successful. 

Cycloparaffins may be nitrated to produce expl derivs. See also Cycloalkanes, Peroxide Derivatives... 

Hass Mid Shechter [33] have formulated thirteen general rules governing the vapour-phase nitration of pMaffins (and cycloparaffins). Here they are in a summarized form ... 

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