Cyclooxygenase cytochrome

Any of the collection of oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid that are the product of cyclooxygenase, cytochrome P450, or lipoxygenase pathways. 

O Donnell et al. [70] found that LOX and not cyclooxygenase, cytochrome P-450, NO synthase, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, ribonucleotide reductase, or mitochondrial respiratory chain is responsible for TNF-a-mediated apoptosis of murine fibrosarcoma cells. 15-LOX activity was found to increase sharply in heart, lung, and vascular tissues of rabbits by hypercholesterolemia [71], Schnurr et al. [72] demonstrated that there is an inverse regulation of 12/15-LOXs and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidases in cells, which balanced the intracellular concentration of oxidized lipids. 

Acid phosphatase Alcohol dehydrogenase Alkaline phosphatase Amine oxidase Aminopeptidase P Angiotensin-converting enzyme Aniline hydroxylase ATPase Arylsulfatase Carboxypeptidase M Cyclooxygenase Cytochrome oxidase Endothelin-converting enzyme... 

As we have seen in chapters 1 and 2, the metabolism of arachidonate begins with its mobilization from membrane phospholipids and consists mainly of an array of sequential oxidative reactions. Three main classes of oxygenase enzymes are implicated prostaglandin H-synthase, also called cyclooxygenase cytochrome P450 and a variety of different lipoxygenases. 

Cyclooxygenase / Cytochrome P-450 Lipoxygenase Cyclooxygenase / Lipoxygenase Elongation + Desaturation... 

COX (i) cyclooxygenase (ii) cytochrome oxidase FGFR fibroblast growth factor receptor... 

The lability of benzylic positions to cytochrome P450 metabolism has been exploited to decrease the unacceptably low clearance and resultant long half-life of various compounds. For example celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, has a half-life of 3.5 h in the rat. Early structural leads, represented by compoimds in... 

Kassahun, K., McIntosh, I. S., Shou, M., Walsh, D. J., Rodeheffer, C., Slaughter, D. E., Geer, L. A., Flalpin, R. A., Agrawal, N., Rodrigues, A. D. Role of human liver cytochrome P4503A in the metabolism of etoricoxib, a novel cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor, Drug Metab. Dispos. 

Kwon K. J., Jung Y. S., Lee S. H., Moon C. H., and Baik E. J. (2005). Arachidonic acid induces neuronal death through lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 rather than cyclooxygenase. J. Neurosci. Res. 81 73-84. 

Fig. 1. Targeted lipidomics of anandamide metabolism. Postulated pathways of anandamide metabolism. Abbreviations PC, phosphatidylcholine PE, phosphatidylethanolamine NAT, JV-acyl transferase LPA, lysophosphatidic acid PA, phosphatidic acid NAPE, jV-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine Lyso-NAPE, l-lyso,2-acyl-OT-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-JV-acyl ABHD-4, a//3 hydrolase-4 GP-anandamide, glycerophospho-anandamide PAEA, phospho-anandamide PLA, phospholipase A NAPE-PLD, NAPE phospholipase D PLC, phospholipase C FAAH, fatty acid amide hydrolase P, phosphatase COX, cyclooxygenase LOX, lipoxygenase CYP450, cytochrome P450 PDE, phosphodiesterase.

Anandamide can be metabolized by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 12- and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) to generate prostaglandin ethanolamides (prostamides), hydroperoxide, hydroxide, and epoxide... 

Reactions which generate unstable intermediates with a potential to chemiluminesce are well-known in living cells. Such examples include haem enzymes NADPH oxidase (Allen et al., 1972), cytochrome P-450 (Cadenas et al., 1980), cyclooxygenase (Marnett et al., 1974) and the non-haem iron-containing enzyme lipoxygenases (Veldink et al., 1977 Boveris et al., 1980). 

Imig JD, Pham BT, LeBlanc EA, Reddy KM, Ealck JR, Inscho EW Cytochrome P450 and cyclooxygenase metabolites contribute to the endothelin-1 afferent arteriolar vasoconstrictor and calcium responses. Elypertension 35 307-312,2000... 

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