Hydrogenation cyclohexane

Figure 8-6. Comparison of the radial distribution function of the ctiair, boat, and twist conformations of cyclohexane (hydrogen atoms are not considered).

Bonhoeffer and Farkas estimated k3/k2 100 and claimed that at 15 % decomposition the photolysis is completely self inhibited. More recent work by Ogg and Williams9,10 showed that for the photolysis with 2537 A radiation, k3/k2 is independent of HI pressure (50-150 torr), independent of temperature and has a value 3.5+0.3. The effect of cyclohexane as an inert diluent11 was to increase k3/k2 to 7.0+0.4 at 155°, which value remained constant at high cyclohexane hydrogen iodide ratios. This result was attributed to collisional thermalisation of the hot H atoms produced by 2537 A radiation and this limiting high-pressure value of k3/k2 = (k3/k2)aa was considered to be that for thermally equilibrated H atoms. 

Kobe Murti determined by Macleod method values a, A, B C for several compds which have been used by Rush Gamson. These compds included ethane, propane, pentane, heptane, cyclohexane, hydrogen, oxygen, benzene, CCI2F2, carbon dioxide, decane and chlorine. The results were similar to those repotted by R G but better correlation was obtd... 

Vesicle-entrapped or isolated Pt were used as 564 catalysts for ethylene and cyclohexane hydrogenation... 

Benzene may be hydrogenated to produce the saturated compound cyclohexane. Hydrogenation of borazine results in polymeric materials of indefinite compositions. Substituted derivatives of the saturated cycloborazane, 83N3H,2. form readily by addition to borazine (Eqs. 16.39 and 16.41), but special techniques are necessary to prepare the parent compound. It was first synthesized by the reduction of Ihe chioro derivative ... 

Cyclohexane is rly easily dehydrogenated into benzene, and even at very low extents of reaction, stoichiometry reaction (6) can be replaced by the secondary stoichiometry reaction (12). For cyclohexane, the constituents are (apart from cyclohexane) hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propene, 1-butene, 1,3-butadiene, cydohexene, and benzene [3]. However, one can check that the equations written are independent, using the Jouguet [IS] criterion, (t.e., if/ = n-o)). In this criterion, the number of the independent constituents, 1//, for a chemical system is equal to the required constituents. n, (i e., H3, Cl, C3, CsHe, Q, C4, Cj. c-Q, CaJ, subtracting the number of independent stoichiometric equations. q>. 

Jensen and Ray (1980-1) studied the oxidation of butane, cyclohexane, hydrogen and carbonmonoxide, and reported horatian oscillations. A new model predicting these oscillations was proposed, (1980-2), and it was further studied in (1982-1). 

The kinetics of cyclohexane hydrogenation catalyzed by 1, 2, and 3 have been determined (J3) and have been shown to follow the general form ... 

We find that the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-rhodium compounds, and particularly the chloride (la), are useful catalysts for arene hydrogenation at 50°C and 50 atm H2 (19), Again, base (Et3N) is a necessary co-catalyst and the reactions proceed well in 2-propanol as solvent, where turnover numbers in excess of 200 per rhodium can easily be obtained for benzene-to-cyclohexane hydrogenation. The reactions also proceed in benzene, where turnover numbers in excess of 800 per rhodium are found, and even in the presence of water. No metal is formed under these conditions. 

The platinum-ruthenium couple is well known to exhibit synergism in a number of catalytic processes, especially those of an electrochemical character, but the activity of ruthenium for hydrogenolysis greatly exceeds that of platinum. With PtRu/Al203, this was a linear function of composition in the cyclohexane-hydrogen reaction, but a maximum rate of dehydrogenation at 570 K was found when the surface contained about 55% platinum. ... 

Cyclohexene itself flips rapidly between these two conformations, with a barrier of about 22 kj mol i, about half that of cyclohexane. As in cyclohexane, hydrogen atoms on the saturated carbons of the cyclohexene structure adopt two types of positions, but as they are not quite orientated in the same way as in cyclohexane, we call the two orientations pseudoaxial and pseudoequatorial. ... 

When the data for the triblock vinyl cyclohexane-hydrogenated butadiene-vinyl cyclohexane is compared with the corresponding diblock copolymers, from 4 to 15 additional degrees of supercooling are needed to develop appreciable crys-tallinity.(50) However, when this difference in supercooling is taken into account the role of the microdomain structure in governing the isothermal crystallization is similar for the triblock copolymer as previously described for the diblock polymer. 

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