Cyclic hydrogen-bonded dimers function

Following the introdnction of a directional hydrogen bonding potential function into MM3, the parameterization of the force field for the ammonia dimer was undertaken anew . Three conformers were considered, namely 28, 29 and a bifurcated structure 31, and were calcnlated ab initio at the 6-31G level. The results (after corrections for Basis Set Superimposition Error BSSE) favor the linear dimer over the cyclic one by 0.4 kcalmol and yield dimerization energies of —2.49, —2.09 and —0.62 kcalmol for 28, 29 and 31, respectively. A comparison of force field (original MM3 and MM3 with the directional hydrogen bonding function) and ab initio resnlts for the three ammonia... 

Calix[4]arene provides a suitable semi-rigid concave scaffold for the construction of dimeric capsules. Both the upper and lower rim can be decorated with a wide variety of functional groups, in particular the urea moiety is known to provide a good combination of hydrogen bond donor and acceptor character implemented in the same functional group and this sequence of atoms have been extensively employed in the constructions of calix[4]arene dimeric molecular capsules (Fig. 9). Characteristic of these dimers is the presence of a cyclic seam of hydrogen bonds that seal the capsule and provides an internal molecular cavity that easily accommodates molecules as big as benzene. 

Ab initio and density functional theory (DET) methods have been exploited to determine the structures and the interaction energies of 2/7-isoxazol-5-one B, and its dimer and trimer structures in the gas phase. For the cyclic trimer, the computed structural parameters resulted in excellent agreement with the X-ray determination of the supramolecular aggregate of 4-(2-methoxybenzyl)-3-phenyl-4//-isoxazol-5-one, involving very strong intermolecular H-bonds of the NH tautomeric form, interpreted in terms of the RAHB (resonance-assisted hydrogen bond) model (see Section 4.03.3.1) <2002HCA2364>. 

The IR spectra of 3-oxo-l-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-17/-pyrrolo[l,2-c]imidazole in the solid form and in solution have been measured as a function of temperature, and a direct correlation has been obtained between the two phases and the type and extent of hydrogen bonding. It was suggested that the compound exists as cyclic dimer (103) in the solid state (below 310 K) and in dilute solution by formation of two equivalent hydrogen bonds. At transition temperature, the cyclic dimer changes to the noncyclic dimer (104) and persists in this structure till 410 K. In addition, thermodynamic functions AG°, AH", and AS" have been estimated using spectral data in solution <84CJC1845>. 

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