Cycles per second cps

The smallest unit (packet) of electromagnetic energy (a photon) is related to frequency by the formula, E = hv, in which E is the energy and h is Planck s constant. Alternatively, the relation can be written, E = hc/A,. Frequency (v) is a number with units of cycles per second (cps, the number of times a wavefront passes a given point in unit time, sec ) and is given the name Hertz (Hz), Planck s constant is a fundamental number, measured in J sec or erg-sec. 

A vibration is a periodic motion or one that repeats itself after a certain interval of time. This time interval is referred to as the period of the vibration, T. A plot, or profile, of a vibration is shown in Figure 43.1, which shows the period, T, and the maximum displacement or amplitude, X - The inverse of the period, j, is called the frequency, f, of the vibration, which can be expressed in units of cycles per second (cps) or Hertz (Hz). A harmonic function is the simplest type of periodic motion and is shown in Figure 43.2, which is the harmonic function for the small oscillations of a simple pendulum. Such a relationship can be expressed by the equation ... 

The maximum value of the displacement is X, which is also called the amplitude. The period, T, is usually measured in seconds its reciprocal is the frequency of the vibration, /, measured in cycles per second (cps) or Hertz (Hz). 

The first two terms describe the chemical shifts for nuclei i and j and the last, the nuclear spin-spin interaction. Nuclear spins are coupled via intervening electrons. The coupling constant A, sometimes represented by J in the literature, is expressed in cycles per second (cps). Analyses of observed spectra for S,-, 5,- and A,-, are quite straightforward in situations where po 5i — 5, Aij but can become quite tedious where i 0 5 — 5,- and A,-,-are comparable. va is the resonance frequency expressed in cps. The latter case is the so-called intermediate coupling situation and is discussed in detail by Pople et al. (108). 

The designation B (magnetic induction or flux density) supercedes H (magnetic intensity). The SI term tesla (7 ), the unit of measurement for B, supercedes the term gauss (G) T =104 G. The frequency term hertz (Hz) supercedes cycles per second (cps). MHz is megahertz (106 Hz). 

Pressure level defines the loudness of the sound, while frequency defines the pitch or tone of the sound. Pressure level is the amplitude of the compression, or rarefachon, of the pressure wave. The common unit of pressure level is Decibel, abbreviated to "dB." Frequency is the number of pressure waves that pass by an arbitrary point of reference in a given unit of time. As such, the measure of sound frequency can be cycles per second (CPS), and as with electricity, the commonly used unit is the Hertz. One Hertz is one cycle per second. 

The frequency v of a wave is the number of crests passing a fixed point per second. One crest-to-crest oscillation of a wave is called a cycle. The common unit of frequency is the hertz (Hz) or inverse second (s ) an older term for frequency is the cycle per second (cps). One hertz equals one cycle per second. 

NMR involves the absorption of radiowaves by the nuclei of some combined atoms in a molecule that is located in a magnetic field. NMR can be considered a type of absorption spectroscopy, not unlike UV/VIS absorption spectroscopy. Radiowaves are low energy electromagnetic radiation. Their frequency is on the order of 10 Hz. The SI unit of frequency, 1 Hz, is equal to the older frequency unit, 1 cycle per second (cps) and has the dimension of s. The energy of radiofirequency (RF) radiation can therefore be calculated from ... 

The unit measurement for audio frequencies. The frequency range for human hearing lies between 20 Hz and approximately 20,000 Hz. The sensitivity of the human ear drops off sharply below about 500 Hz and above 4000 Hz. The frequency is measured in cycles per second (cps). 1 Hz = 1 cps. 

A simple wave is shown in Fig. 13.6. The distance between consecutive crests (or troughs) is the wavelength. The number of full cycles of the wave that pass a given point each second, as the wave moves through space, is called the frequency and is measured in cycles per second (cps), or hertz (Hz). ... 

The term hertz (after the German physicist H. R Hertz), abbreviated Hz, is used in place of the older term cycles per second (cps). Frequency of electromagnetic radiation is also sometimes expressed in wavenumbers— that is, the number of waves per centimeter. 

Hertz (Hz) A measure of frequency in cycles per second (cps). The standard radio equivalent of frequency in cycles per second of an electromagnetic wave. Kilohertz (kHz) is a frequency of one thousand cycles per second. Megahertz (MHz) is a frequency of one million cycles per second. 

Sound Noise is simply unwanted sound, which is a series of vibrations in the air. Human ears are sensitive to these vibrations they sense them and pass them on to the brain to decipher. Acoustics—the branch of physics that deals with the production, transmission, and control of sound—has its own concepts and vocabulary. Several key terms and concepts needed by engineers working in noise control are defined in the following text. Frequency Frequency / is the number of oscillatory cycles a sound completes in one s. Units of frequency may be expressed in cycles per second (cps) or Hertz (Hz). 

The time interval T between successive peaks is called the period and usually is measured in seconds. The number of vibration cycles (i.e., the number of periods) that occur per second is called the frequency f and is generally measured in hertz (Hz). Hertz is the internationally standardized name for cycles per second (cps). 

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