Cyanamide process, efficiency

Alkylation of N-Anions. This is an important process of wide application in organic synthesis and manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, plant protection agents, etc. PTC is an efficient way to execute this process for relatively strong NH acids such as sulfonamides, imides, or cyanamide as well as for less acidic diarylamines, amides, and a variety of heterocycles. Depending on acidity of the precursors, anhydrous K2CO3, diluted or concentrated aqueous NaOH, or solid NaOH in liquid-liquid or liquid-solid systems were applied in these reactions (eqs. 25-29). 

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