Current flowing without energy dissipation

Figure 9. The current flowing without energy dissipation in a thin film ring illustrates the fact that in superconductivity one can have flow in an equilibrium state.

In the case of an electrical calibration, at the beginning of the main period a potential V is applied to a resistance inside the calorimeter proper, causing a current of intensity / to flow over a period t. As a result, an amount of heat Q = Vlt is dissipated in the calorimeter proper, causing the observed temperature rise. If the calibration is carried out on the reference calorimeter proper (without contents ), then eci = ecf = 0 and the internal energy change of the calorimetric system during the main period is... 

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