Crystallization of ammonium nitrate

R. Abegg, A. Kanitz, and 0. Pulvermacher have measured the viscosity of soln. of ammonium nitrate, and H. Gorke the reciprocal of the viscosity, i.e. the fluidity at different temp, (water at 25° unity), and his measurements are indicated in Table LXI. A. Kanitz also measured the viscosities of mixtures of ammonium nitrate with potassium, sodinm, or barium nitrate, and found that the results follow the additive rule very closely. W. N. Bond studied the plasticity of crystals of ammonium nitrate. 

Mixing either hot, or hot and cold alternately, has the advantage over mixing only in the cold that the crystals of ammonium nitrate are coated with a layer of nitro compound due to contact with molten TNT or DNT, which somewhat reduces their hygroscopicity. Mixing in the hot requires careful temperature control as the explosive leaves the kneader or mixer after being cooled. This temperature... 

Ash—The extract obtained above is burnt and the residue calcined, a few crystals of ammonium nitrate being added if the carbon is difficult to bum. 

Motions of molecules in condensed systems. VII. The infrared spectra for single crystals of ammonium nitrate and thallous nitrate in polarized radiation. J. chem. Phys. 18, 1276—1290 (1950). 

Mixt is quickly melted and then quickly cooled so that the crystals of ammonium nitrate have dimensions of <100ft and ate embedded in a matrix of fuel Ref W.E. Gordon A.D. Little, BritP 1014071(1965) CA 64, 7962(1966)... 

These two equations are plotted in Fig. 25, from which it is seen that in a perfectly mixed crystallizer the dominant-size fraction (mode) appears at l/L = 3. Saeman illustrated his analysis with data from large-scale vacuum crystallization of ammonium nitrate (M9, SI). 

Fill one-third full of crystals of ammonium nitrate, adjust the apparatus, and heat A gently with a low flame., The ammonium nitrate melts and appears to boil. 

Shestakov 1 ) introduced an original method of protecting ammonium nitrate which consists in mixing ammonium nitrate with Fe2(S04)j (0.5%) and fatty acids (stearic, palmitic acid) (0.25%). A tliin layer of ferric stearate or pal-mitate is fonned on the surface of crystals of ammonium nitrate. It is now customary to use 0.3—0.4% fatty acids and 0.07% iron salts. Part of the fatty acids can be replaced by paraffins. Explosives containing fatty acids and iron salts are marked with symbol Zh V. 

The sensitivity of mixtures to impact through friction is particularly noticeable in examples of mixtures of TNT with hard crystals of ammonium nitrate (Fig. 70, Vol. Ill, p, 262). 

Once the mixture is cold, filter out the crystals of ammonium nitrate using doubled up coffee filters or a pillow case, depending upon how large the batch is. Squeeze the liquid out of the crystal mass, then put the crystal mass onto a plate. Spread it out to air dry. Obviously, this can t be done on a humid day. 

Miller, P. and Saeman, W.C. (1947) Continuous vacuum crystallization of ammonium nitrate. Chemical Engineering Progress, 43, 667-690. 

Or consider the reaction described in the chapter opening, in which crystals of barium hydroxide octahydrate, Ba(OH)2 8H2O, react with crystals of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3. 

FIGURE 6.2 The growth of phase eontacts in the course of sintering the differential distribution of the strength of contacts, p, formed in the proeess of the sintering of two crystals of ammonium nitrate at 100°C (a) and 140°C (b). 

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