Crystalline structure mesoporous metal-organic frameworks

The number of publications concerning utilization of the EISA process for fabrication of different structured materials is counted in the hundreds, which is far beyond the possibilities of this chapter to review in depth. Rather, we intend to provide a brief introduction into EISA and its application to the fabrication of functional thin films for electronic applications (e.g., electro-chromic layers and solar cells), with a special focus on fabrication of crystalline mesoporous films of metal oxides. Attention will also be given to techniques used to evaluate the pore structure of the thin films. For the other aspects of the EISA process, for example its mechanism,4 strategies for preparation of crystalline porous metal oxides,5 mesoporous nanohybrid materials,6 periodic organic silica materials,7,8 or postgrafting functionalization of mesoporous framework,9 we kindly recommend the reader to refer to the referenced comprehensive reviews. 

The most efficient catalysts in liquid-phase oxidation of organic compoimds were crystalline mked oxides [1]. They are ionic mixed oxides or mixed oxides containing oxides supported on oxides. In the latter case, the catalytic activity of the oxide support is increased by adding one or more metal components or is obtained by immobilization of metal oxides on inactive oxide support. Metal ions were isomorphously substituted in framework positions of molecular sieves, for example, zeolites, silicalites, silica, aluminosilicate, aluminophosphates, silico-aluminophosphates, and so on, via hydrothermal synthesis or postsynthesis modification. Among these many mixed oxides with crystalline microporous or mesoporous structure, perovskites were also used as catalysts in liquid-phase oxidation. 

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