Cryogenic work station

Using a Pasteur pipette, dispense approximately 1.5 ml aliquots into sterile ampoules (biofreeze vials, Fig. 7.5). These may be blue spot or yellow band, easy snap glass ampoules (Epsom Glass Industries Ltd.) but plastic vials (Nunc, Costar or Sterilin) are now more common. The round bottom vials are difficult to work with and the standard flat bottom vials are very fiddly. Bibby Science Products (Appendix 3) supply a cryogenic work station... 

The vacuum line consists of six main sections (i.) the pumps and main traps, (ii) the main manifold with pressure gauges, (iii) the work stations, (iv) the cryogenic traps and Toepler pump, (v) the inert gas purifiers and inlet system, and (vi) the specialty gas inlet system. 

The work of Kapitza, Shubnikov, and other researchers, as well as the effective activities of the Central Board of Oxygen Production and the Experimental Station of Deep Cooling, were a pioneer experience in establishing specialized institutions and developing trends in cryogenic engineering, which are still evolving. 

The work reported in this paper was supported in part by the Cryogenic Engineering Laboratory, National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado. One of us (BSK) is indebted to the Air Reduction Company for the Airco Fellowship in Cryogenic Engineering for 1958-60. Appreciation is expressed to S. C. P. Hwa and J. B. Edwards for aid in the computations and to the Rich Electronic Computer Center, Engineering Experiment Station, Georgia Institute of Technology for the use of its facilities. 

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