Cross-sectional images

Cross-sectional pictures have not been taken by AFM for a long time due to difficulties involved in the preparation of a smooth cross-sectional area of a reasonable size when the membrane is sliced or fractmed. An attempt to overcome these difficulties was made recently by Khulbe [4], the results of which will be briefly outUned. 

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In this paper, discontinuities in cylindrical specimens were studied by ultrasonic reflection tomography. The aim was threefold. First, to localize discontinuities from circular C-scan images. Second, to reconstruct quantitative cross-sectional images from circular B-scan profiles (i.e., reflection tomograms). Finally, to obtain three-dimensional information (i.e., discontinuity location, dimension and type) by stacking these reflection tomograms in multiple planes, in the third dimension. 

Elimination of the inaccuracy due to misalignment of cross sectional images ... 

In Figure 14(a) the bright-held TEM cross-sectional image of the reference AuAg sample is shown. The size distribution of the clusters has an average diameter = 11.7nm and a standard deviation of the experimental bimodal distribution o- = 6.4nm. The effect of... 

Fig. 2.2.14 Cross-sectional images of (a) female and (b) male salmon displayed from head (left) to tail (right).

Computed tomography (CT) scan A series of x-ray scans taken from different angles and then compiled by computer to show a cross-section of a body part of interest a method of body imaging that uses x-ray technology to create cross-sectional images of a person s body. 

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Method of body imaging that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create cross-sectional images of one s body, which provides detailed pictures of organs and tissues. 

Figure 21 (a) SEM cross-sectional image of the film sample after freeze fracturing. The... 

Figure 3.5. TEM cross-sectional image of a SnSli4Se0.5 film prepared by spin coating from a hydrazine-based solution. The final thermal treatment for this film was at 270 °C for 20 minutes. [Reproduced with permission from [Ref. 31]. Copyright 2004 Nature Publishing Group.]...

Figure 6.21. SEM micrographs of AACVD grown CuInS2 thin films (a) cross-sectional image of film I, (b) plane-view image of film III (inset at higher magnification), (c) plane-view image of film IV, and (d) plane-view image of film V.

FIGURE 1.12 Cross-sectional image of a five-layer cell with the anodic substrate Ni-YSZ, anodic functional layer Ni-ScSZ, electrolyte ScSZ, and interlayer GDC prepared with a tapecasting technique [79]. 

D. Mensa. High Resolution Radar Cross-Section Imaging, Artech House, 1991. 

Fig. 47.1 TEM image of sample mesoporous organosiliea (left) and cross sectional image (right)...

Figure 10.3 SEM cross-section image and XRD spectrum fore-oriented (a), h,0,h-oriented (b), and random (template-free) (c) MFI-type zeolite membranes along with associated XRD patterns (d, e, f) [12],...

The field of view for the ultrasound equipment is rather small, typically, not more than 20-30 cm and just a few centimeters at higher spatial resolution. Normally, a cross-sectional image in the plane of the imaging probe is obtained. Respectively, the operator must know where to place the transducer to locate the area of an expected lesion, as compared with a whole-body CT, the wide flat view of planar X-ray or MRI scans. 

Fig. 4.9 FESEM images of a sample annealed at 400°C for 30 minutes showing (a) the uniformity of the pore formation across the sample (insert shows the pore diameter after annealing) (b) cross sectional image showing the pore depth as 383 nm, pore diameter as about 100 nm, and the barrier oxide thickness as approximately 600 nm.

Fig. 9 Rate of hydrogen generation from nanotube arrays films of different lengths annealed at 530 °C. Electrode area of 1 cm 100 mW/cm visible light. In the inset FESEM cross-sectional image of 2.8 um long Xi02 nanotube array prepared by anodic oxidation of a titanium foil in an electrolyte containing potassium fluoride (KF 0.1 M), sodium hydrogen sulfate (1 M), trisodium citrate (0.2 M) and sodium hydroxide. Elaborated from Grimes et...

Figure 1.131 Mixer for flow rotation and break-up. (a) Cross-sectional images of the micro channel during one mixing cycle (b) schematic of the flow treatment involving splitting (break-up), rotation and merging steps ...

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