Critical lifetime

The critical lifetime for exact collapse is therefore given by... 

In the intermediate range, where values of t are such that the lines overlap and coalesce, there are several possible approaches. For the simplest case of ta = tb = 2r and / a = / b the critical lifetime for exact collapse is given by... 

Delayed neutrons are a neutrons in a critical lifetime (t) increases lifetime from 1 to 1, controliable. 

Lifetime is a probability distribution and therefore the data analysis needs to account for this fact. When the results of lifetime tests are combined with statistical lifetime analysis, it is possible to predict product lifetime at end-use conditions from accelerated degradation conditions. This can often lead to faster development of MEAs and components because critical lifetime information can be learned without waiting for lengthy lifetime tests to complete under end use conditions. 

Here is the number of cycles to fracture under the stress cycle in region i, and Nj/Nf is the fraction of the lifetime used up after N, cycles in that region. Failure occurs when the sum of the fractions is unity (eqn. (15.4)). This rule, too, is an empirical one. It is widely used in design against fatigue failure but if the component is a critical one. Miner s Rule should be checked by tests simulating service conditions. 

If the ionic liquid can be recycled and if its lifetime is proven to be long enough, then its initial price is probably not the critical point. In Difasol technology, for example, ionic liquid cost, expressed with respect to the octene produced, is lower than that of the catalyst components. 

The critical properties for optoelectronic materials are bandgap (operating range), carrier lifetime (efficiency), and resistivity (response time). To optimize these properties, it is necessary to have control of the process parameters such as ... 

The resultant O3 layer is critically important to life on Earth as a shield against LTV radiation. It also is responsible for the thermal structure of the upper atmosphere and controls the lifetime of materials in the stratosphere. Many substances that are short-lived in the troposphere (e.g. aerosol particles) have lifetimes of a year or more in the stratosphere due to the near-zero removal by precipitation and the presence of the permanent thermal inversion and lack of vertical mixing that it causes. 

Fluorescent lamps are manufactured by squirting a suspension of phosphor particles in an ethyl cellulose lacquer upon the inner surface of a vertical glass tube. Once the lacquer drains off, a film of peuticles is formed. The lacquer is then burned off, leaving a layer of phosphor particles. Electrodes are sealed on the tube is evacuated Hg and inert gas is added and the lamp ends are added to finish the lamp. Lamp brightness and lifetime are dependent upon the particle size distribution of the phosphor particles. The number of small particles is critical since they are low in brightness output... 

This book is about the scientific roots of our modern way of life. It tells the story of pioneering chemists like Berthollet whose discoveries solved critical problems in their lifetimes. Readers should be forewarned. The lives of these scientists tend to be dramatic. They are filled with the joys of discovery, the excitement of their times, and even the anguish of human tragedy. 

F4FlAsH-P12 61 at 544 nm expanded the spectral range of the biarsenical dyes. Furthermore, the fluorescence lifetime increased to a value of 5.2 ns. Owing to the results of this study, the authors suggested that the two compounds (57 and 58) would form an excellent FRET pair with a large critical distance. In addition, they envisage that the observed characteristics should facilitate improved structural and dynamic studies of proteins in living cells. 

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