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Crack trapping

Effects of Water Hammer. Water hammer has a tremendous and dangerous force that can collapse floats and thermostatic elements, overstress gauges, bend mechanisms, crack trap bodies, rupture fittings and heat exchange equipment, and even expand piping. Over a period of time, this repeated stress on the pipe will weaken it to the point of rupture. [Pg.313]

Influence of Adhesive Strength upon Crack Trapping in Brittle Heterogeneous Solids... [Pg.55]

A precise understanding of the adhesive strength necessary to promote crack trapping by impenetrable obstacles in brittle solids has still not been reached, despite numerous investigations. In one of the earliest studies, Brout-... [Pg.55]

Figure 2. Crack-trapping specimen containing PC spheres. Figure 2. Crack-trapping specimen containing PC spheres.
Figure 6. Effective toughening (Kf, normalized hy matrix toughness, K r) resulting from crack trapping as a function of the local crack advance, normalized hy particle diameter (dp). R/L = 0.125. Numerical results, shown by the curve, are from Bower and Ortiz (5, 29). Figure 6. Effective toughening (Kf, normalized hy matrix toughness, K r) resulting from crack trapping as a function of the local crack advance, normalized hy particle diameter (dp). R/L = 0.125. Numerical results, shown by the curve, are from Bower and Ortiz (5, 29).
Maximum Toughness Enhancement Achievable by Crack Trapping. In specimens containing well-bonded obstacles at an equivalent volume fraction of approximately 0.06 (R/L = 0.125), the maximum measured... [Pg.66]

Stress fields result in a distortion of the lattice. In a tensile stressed region, hydrogen migrates toward and is trapped by centers of dilation. The stress field around a crack, for example, creates a high triaxial stress that dilates the metal lattice, with the result that hydrogen is attracted towards the crack. Traps associated with stress fields also tend to have a physical character. [Pg.118]

Fig. 14. The location of a straight crack trapped in a sandwich layer. Fig. 14. The location of a straight crack trapped in a sandwich layer.
Practical adhesion depends on many more things than just surface tensions, especially the bulk mechanical properties (strength) of the materials and the presence of non-ideal adhesive joints due to cracks, trapped gas/liquid. [Pg.155]


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Trapped crack model

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