Coupling oligo

Cremer, J., E. Mena-Osteritz, N.G. Pschierer, K. Mullen, and P. Bauerle. 2005. Dye-functionalized head-to-tail coupled oligo(3-hexylthiophenes)-perylene-ohgothiophene dyads for photovoltaic applications. Org Biomol Chem 3 985-995. 

SCHEME 7.6 Solid phase synthesis of regioregular, head-to-tail coupled, oligo 3-hexyl-thiophenes. 

Yang, L. Zhu, Y. Tan, T. Janson, J.-C. Coupling oligo-P-cyclodextrin on polyacrylate beads media for separation of puerarin. Proc. lochem. 2007, 42, 1075-1083. 

T. Kirschbaum, C. A. Briehn and P. Bauerle, Efficient solid-phase synthesis of regioregular head-to-tail-coupled oligo(3-aIkylthiophene)s up to a dodecamer, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1, 1211-1216 (2000). 

The first series of soluble oligo(/ ara-phenylene)s OPVs 24 were generated by Kern and Wirth [48] and shortly after by Heitz and Ulrich [49]. They introduced alkyl substituents (methyls) in each repeat unit and synthesized oligomers 24 up to the hexamer. Various synthetic methods, like the copper-catalyzed Ullmann coupling, the copper-catalyzed condensation of lithium aryls, and the twofold addition of organomelallic species to cyclohexane-1,4-dione, have been thereby investigated. 

The discovery that the oxidative coupling of 2-lithiophosphole, obtained from (7a), led to biphosphole (8a) (Scheme 2) was a breakthrough [19], opening the way to oligo(phosphole)s. This very efficient methodology has been... 

The second synthetic route consists of the coupling of hexa(4-iodophenyl)ben-zene (34) with an alkylated oligophenylboronic acid to produce a hexa(oligo-phenyl)benzene by extending the aromatic chain [52]. This route is illustrated by the reaction of hexa(4-iodophenyl)benzene (34) with an alkylated terphenyl boronic acid with formation of the hexa(quaterphenyl)benzene derivative 33. Once again, the aliphatic substituents serve to guarantee sufficient solubility. 

As mentioned above, poly(9,10-anthrylenevinylene) is not accessible by means of the Wessling polymerization procedure. Well defined oligo(9,10-anthrylene-vinylene)s (111) were synthesized via Horner-type coupling [132]. Extrapolation of the optical absorption energies in the 111 series against the corres-... 

LA-ICP-MS allows quick simultaneous oligo-element homogeneity determinations in mg samples of polymeric material. Coupling of ICP-MS to chromatographic techniques provides element speciation capabilities, especially as a detector for LC. Kingston et al. [417] have described a speciated technique for the determination of Cr(III) and Cr (VI) by HPLC-ICP-MS. 

---