Copper stearate

S,6-(Ethylenedloxyl)-l-malhyl A -2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-phosphlndole-l>oxide(2).3 Ahexane solution of 1-vinyl 4 4 ethylencTioxycyclohex-l-ene 1 (20 0 g, 0 12 mol) arxl freshly distilled CH3PCI2 (18 3 g, 0 156 mol) and copper stearate (0 4 g) as a polymenzatnn inhibitor, allowed to stand at rt for 5 days The adduct was filtered and the filtrate was kept for 22 days to get more cycloaduct The first crop was hydrolyzed by NaHCOa, extracted with CHCI3, end after evaporation gave 19 36 g of 2 (72 7%), mp 156-157°C... 

Thus, insertion of methoxymethylcarbene in the C—H bond of a furazan occurred on thermolysis of 1 or 5 with methyl diazoacetate in the presence of copper stearate to give methoxycarbonyImethyIfurazans 39 in 9-12% yields (89BAU2640, 89IZV2876) (Scheme 13). 

The synthesis, which at room temperature may require days, or even weeks, needs an alkylated phenol, hydroquinone, copper stearate or other polymerization inhibitor, but often the use of elevated temperatures and appropriate solvents (aliphatic hydrocarbons, CH2C12) allows a more rapid cycloaddition. 

Copper Compounds for Smoke Production. DeMent (Ref) proposed to use several copper-ion contg mixts as smoke-producing pyrotechnic compns. These mixts are listed under Copper Chloride in this section on Chlorides and under Copper - 64 and Copper - 67, Copper Acetate, Copper Oxide Copper Stearate in this section on COPPER AND ITS SALTS... 

Rl n-C3H7, C6H5, n-Citt9, z-C Hj R2 CH3, n-C3H7, C6H5 R3 H, CH3> CH2C6Hs, OC2H5 Cu(I) copper stearate... 

The kinetics of the isomerization in tetrachloroethene at 413-433 K show an E/ of 25 1 kcal mol an enthalpy of activation of 24 + 1 kcal moP and an entropy of activation of — 22.4 eu. Changing the solvent to benzonitrile does not increase the rate and is consistent with a nonpolar transition state such as a vinylcarbene, but the entropy value indicates a more concerted mechanism. Indenes were also produced when a solution of the cyclopropene in cyclohexane was heated with copper stearate at 60 C for 30 minutes or when a solution in dichloromethane was heated with trifluoracetic acid, or when 1,3,3-triphenylcyclopropene was treated with [(C2H4)PtCl2]2- Reactions catalyzed by rhodium(I) heptafluorobutanoate have also been reported. ... 

Fig. 4.4 Influence of copper stearate on the oxidation rate of the iron stearate (0.5%)-catalysed oxidation of tetralin [22]...

One can see that the most popular zinc stearate decreases the lifetime of the HDPE by more than three times, copper stearate by 12.5 times, and cobalt stearate by 25 times. 

Metallic soaps of fatty acids are boundary lubricants copper laurate, copper stearate, zinc laurate, magnesium laurate, cadmium stearate and sodium stearate as films on metals such as copper, zinc, magnesium, steel and platinum are associated with coefficients of friction in the range u = 0.04-0.12. Details of the action of metallic soaps are given by Bowden and Tabor [16]. 

Effects of a series of transition metal stearates, the concentration of the copper stearate, the solvent, various additives, and other factors on the thermal oxidation of polypropylene were studied in trichlorobenzene solution. The mechanism of copper catalysis is discussed. The order of decreasing catalytic activity of the metal stearates was Cu > Mn > Fe > Cr > Al Ni Co control Ti >> Zn >> V. The addition of propionic acid to the solvent accelerated the oxidation of the polymer. The presence of the copper leveled off oxygen uptake of the polymer after a certain time. The amount of oxygen absorbed decreased with increasing concentration of the copper, and at higher concentration (7.9 X 10 3M) the polymer oxidation was inhibited. 

Effect of Anions in Copper Compounds. Since the copper stearate was the most effective catalyst among the transition metal stearates for the early stage of the thermal oxidation of polypropylene, the effect of anions in copper compounds on the thermal oxidation of atactic polypropylene was examined. The oxygen uptake curves of the polymer in the presence of various copper compounds (acetate, propionate, butylate, stearate, laurate, polyacrylate, and cupric oxide) are shown in Figure 4. In the absence of the copper compounds, oxygen uptake of the polymer increases linearly with time. In the presence of copper compounds of fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate, laurate, and stearate), the oxygen uptake of the polymer levels off at ca. 25-30 O2 mL/g polymer after... 

Effect of Copper Stearate Concentration. As mentioned above, the thermal oxidation of the polymer catalyzed by copper compound (7.9 X 10 4M) proceeds very rapidly at the early stage and shows the leveling off of the oxygen uptake. Thus, the effect of the concentration of the copper stearate on the oxidation of the polymer was examined. The oxygen uptake curves of the thermal oxidation of the polymer in the presence of 3.2 X 10 5Af-7.9 X 10 3M copper stearate are shown in Figure 5. In this figure, the thermal oxidation of the neat polypropylene proceeds almost linearly. However, the copper stearate-catalyzed thermal oxidation of the polymer is affected remarkably by the copper concentration. In the presence of less than 3.2 X 10 3M copper stearate, the... 

Therefore, interaction of active radicals, such as peroxy radicals, with the copper stearate at a higher concentration could be one reason for the inhibition of the thermal oxidation of the polymer. 

Figure 6. In this graph, the leveling off of oxygen uptake disappears completely in the presence of propionic acid in the solvent. The results indicate that the conversion of the copper stearate to inhibitors is prohibited by the presence of fatty acid, and the catalytic activity of the copper stearate persists through the reaction. In the absence of the copper stearate, the oxidation of the polymer was accelerated also by the addition of propionic acid in the solvent. The similar effect of organic acids was observed also and was explained by the accelerated decomposition of hydroperoxide in a polar solvent (38,39). A favorable chain reaction might be another factor in the acceleration of the oxidation since the solubility of the polymer decreases by adding propionic acid.

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