Copper protoxide

Copper(I) oxide (KOPP-er one OK-side) is also known as cuprous oxide, red copper oxide, copper protoxide, copper hemi-oxide, and copper suboxide. It is a yellowish, red, or brown crystalline substance, depending on its method of preparation. It does not burn and is stable in dry air. In moist air, it slowly changes to copper(II) oxide (CuO). The compound has been used by humans for thousands of years, first as a pigment in glazes, and later in fungicides, electronic components, and industrial reactions. 

These toxic components of the coatings can be copper oxides (I), mercury, tin-bis(tributyl)oxide, barium metaborate, anilide of salicylic acid, phenols and their derivatives, compounds of aminoformic acids, etc. [87]. In the area of metal ion toxins copper protoxide, lead and tin derivatives have recently come into extensive use. 

Synonyms Brown copper oxide Cl 77402 Copper (I) oxide Copper oxide, red Copper oxide, yellow Copper protoxide Copper suboxide Cuprous oxide Cuprous oxide, red Cuprous oxide, yellow Dicopper monoxide Red copper oxide Red cuprous oxide Yellow copper oxide Yellow cuprocide Empirical CUjQ... 

Copper protoxide Copper suboxide Cuprous oxide Cuprous oxide, red Cuprous oxide, yellow... 

Copper powder. See Cl 77400 Copper protoxide. See Copper oxide (ous) Copper 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide. See Copper pyrithione Copper pyrithione... 

Synonyms cuprous oxide red copper oxide brown copper oxide C.I. 77402 Perenex yellow cuprocide Copper-Sandoz Caocobre cuprite copper oxide Copox copper hemioxide Copper Nordox copper protoxide copper suboxide cuprocide gicopper monoxide dicopper oxide Fungi-rhap CU-75 Fungimar Kuprite Nordox Nordox SD-45 Oleo Nordox Oleo Nordox Perecot Oleocuivre Perecot Perenox... 

The structure and properties of such polymer-inorganic hybrid materials substantially depend on the method of reduction of the metal ions [81, 114, 115, 132,133], The chemical reduction of Cu in IPEC matrices leads to the formation of copper protoxide NPs [81]. Micrographs of the irradiated film demonstrate that their size is of about 10 nm. The electric conductivity of the prepared hybrids is very low (Table 3). 

Figure 4.5 shows that oxidation of a polycrystal Cu surface proceeds in three steps with the increase in the number of oxygen atoms on [9]. In the first step (the lowest exposures), chemical adsorption begins, which immediately leads to the rise of the shoulder X(—1.5 eV) and the small peak D(—6.0 eV) in the He-I spectra in Fig. 3. In the second step, further increase in oxygen leads to the intensity increase in the D feature and the disappearance of the maxima A, A and C. In the third step at oxygen exposure of 5 x 10 L, a surface compound is formed, which exhibits semiconductive properties, and its electronic structure is very similar to that of the bulk copper protoxide CU2O. Emerging of the new features is at the expenses of a sharp fall of the feature at —3.0 eV and above. The DOS at Fp fall to zero and produce a gap of 1.0 eV. PES study of a cleaved single Cu-O(OOl) crystal [18] as shown in Eig. 4.5, revealed three features centered at —1.45, —3.25, and —6.35 eV below the Ep.

The Venetian contains also traces of magnesia and phosphoric or boracic acid the crystals appear disseminated through the mass, which is of a yellow tint, and transparent in thin sheets. The tin and iron obviously assist in the formation" of the crystals of metallic copper, after which the tin becomes silicate of the protoxide, otherwise the glass would become opaque. 

Green may be produced either by protoxide of iron, protoxide of copper—Cn 0—or oxide of chromium— Cra Oj. Tho tint produced by the Erst of these substances has little brilliancy. The oxide of copper yields... 

Mach Oxide of Copper—OuO.—The red oxide passes into the protoxide of copper when heated in the air or It may be conveniently prepared by exposing a mixture oi one part of copper iilingB and two parts of the deliquesced nitrate of copper to the air uutil the whole is converted into a basic salt, and then igniting... 

Oxids.—Lead Monoxid—Protoxid—Hassicot—Litharge —Plum-bi oxidum (XT. S. Br.)—PbO—222.9—is prepared by heating Pb, or its carbonate, or nitrate, in air. If the product have been fused, it is litharge if not, massicot. It forms copper-colored, mica-like plates, or a yellow powder or crystallizes, from its solution in soda or potash, in white, rhombic dodecahedra, or in rose-colored cubes. It fuses near a red heat, and volatilizes at a Avhite heat sp. gr. 9.277-9.5. It is sparingly soluble in HaO, forming an alkaline solution. 

Such bacteria multiply in very aidic solutions (pH < 4.5). Their greatest amoxmt (on average 10 -10 cell-g" ) are discovered in water of copper sulphide and sulphide-polymetallic ore. The source of energy for them are oxidizing processes of not only protoxide metals in water solutions but also almost all reduced forms of sulphur. Bacteria Leptospira ferrooxidans are also capable of oxidizing protoxide iron with getting energy. These bacteria are close in a number of properties to Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, but as opposed to them do not oxidize sulphur. 

Group IV. Metals whose protoxides are isomorphous - with magnesia —Magnesium, la chromium, 26-7 manganese, 27 E iron, 2 cobalt, 29 5 nickel, 29 5 copper, 317 zinc, 32 6 cadmium, i - ... 

The correct figures for Sb203 and ShgOs are given in brackets. For the suboxides and protoxides of copper and tin he found ... 

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