Conventional electrophoresis general operations

In this section, instrumentation, general electrophoretic operations, technical and practical considerations, and types of conventional electrophoresis are discussed. 

General operations performed in conventional electrophoresis include separation, detection and quantification, and a number of blotting techniques. 

Because the vast majority of samples are complex mixtures, they generally require the separation of their components, by GC or LC, prior to their introduction into the ion source. GC is usually carried out on fused silica capillary columns. LC is available in two formats in conventional LC the flow rates are O.l-l.O ml/min, while nano-LC operates at sub pl/min flow rates. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) can be interfaced to mass spectrometers (similarly to LC). Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is compatible with the newer surface ionization methods. 

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