Contrast media fibrosis

Thomsen HS, Morcos SK, Ahnen T, Beilin MF, Bertolotto M, Bongartz G, et al. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and gadolinium-based contrast media updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines. Eur Radiol February 2013 23(2) 307-18. 

Thomsen HS, Marckmann P, Logager VB (2007) Enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging a choice between contrast medium-induced nephropathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis Acta Radiol 48 593-596... 

Dynamic MR imaging, after contrast medium administration, is able to demonstrate the early arterial enhancement that reflects the presence of subcapsu-lar feeding vessels, and a rapid wash-out of the lesion. On portal venous and equilibrium phases hepatic adenoma appears isointense or slightly hyperintense, with focal heterogeneous hypointense areas of necrosis, calcification or fibrosis if present (Fig. 10.15) (Chung et al. 1995). 

In diffuse lesions, unenhanced CT shows large and diffuse areas of overall low attenuation. The vascularity of diffuse lesions is moderate, but delayed fill-in of contrast medium is consistent with fibrosis. 

The levels of a-D-mannosidase activity in skin fibroblasts from cases of cystic fibrosis and controls have been compared. The effects of pH, metal ions, and heat have been studied on a-D-mannosidase from normal and mannosidosis fibroblasts and in culture medium derived from these. The results showed that enzymes secreted from mannosidosis fibroblasts behaved identically to the enzymes present in culture medium from normal fibroblasts. The implication of this finding was discussed. Two acidic forms of a-D-mannosidase activity, A and B have been separated and characterized from fibroblasts from controls and patients with mannosidosis. In normal cells, A and B differ in adsorption on DEAE-cellulose, electrophoretic mobility, stability at 70 °C, and resistance to freezing at — 20 °C, In five of six mutant cell lines, A and B both exhibited altered K s for artificial substrates, and decreased thermal stability. Zn had no effect on A or B in mutant or normal cells. In contrast, Co + slightly inhibited B in normal cells but markedly enhanced the activity of B in mutant cells. It was concluded that the mutation in mannosidosis results... 

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