Connection chain identification

Figure 3.17. An example of identification of connection chains by means of strnctural matrix. Thick fine with arrow, bond dotted fine, transfer to next bond (a) first chain 12 —> 1—>-3—>-4—>-5—>-25, and (b) second chain 12 2 23 24 25.

During mercury intrusion, a given void or neck with r > rp can be filled by mercury only if it is connected with the outer surface by a chain of voids and necks with r > rp. Thus, mercury intrusion into porous solids is equivalent to the bond problem in percolation theory [Androutsopoulos and Mann (35), Wall and Brown (14), Chatzis and Dullien (36), Lane et al. (37), Zhdanov and Fenelonov (38), Tsakiroglou and P atakes (39-41), Day et al. (42), and Park and Ihm (43)]. The equivalence is based on the identification of network sites with voids, and bonds with necks. A bond is considered to be unblocked if the neck radius r > rp. 

D NMR studies of stellattamide B allowed the identification of the indolizidine nucleus and of the side chain structure. The relative configuration of the indolizidine nucleus was established by NOESY connectivities and the absolute stereochemistry of the 13 -methyl group was determined via chemical oxidation of the side chain to (S)-2-methylglutaric acid. The nature of the counterion was determined by energy-dispersive spectroscopic experiments. 

Root cause identification connects the specific chains of underlying causes from causal factor chart to generic chains of underlying causes from the Root Cause Map. Final nodes of the generic chains represent the most accurate causes in the safety management system. 

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