Conjunctival hyperaemia

The effect of a CN aerosol exposure was studied using a cloud generated by spraying 20% CN in dichloromethane through a nozzle into a 10 m3 chamber. The mean atmospheric concentration of CN in the chamber was 719 mg m-3 with an exposure time of 15 min (Cf = 10 800 mg min m 3 ). This caused a just detectable excess lacrimation and conjunctival hyperaemia, with mild blepharitis, of a few days duration. 

A group of ten rabbits had daily applications of 0.1 ml 0.05% CR in PEG 300 to the surface of the cornea for ten successive days and were examined periodically for the following five months (Ballantyne et al., 1975). The only effect seen was during the dosing period and was a just detectable conjunctival hyperaemia persisting for a few minutes after the instillation. Over the 5-month follow-up period, there were no adverse effects on the eye, and histology of the eye at 5 months showed no abnormalities. 

The main criteria of efficacy, (STT, amount of conjunctival discharge, conjunctival hyperaemia/hypertrophy and corneal surface and corneal vascularisation) prove 0.2% Cyclosporine A ointment to be the recommended dose. 

Conjunctival hyperaemia and hypertrophy ("absent, mild to moderate and marked") was found to be statistically significantly reduced in severity on all examination days post initiation of Cyclosporine A therapy (except for hyperaemia on Day 7, probably due to the short period of treatment and the slower reaction of blood perfiision level in the specific tissue) (Fig.4). 

Eyes When used for OAG or ocular HTN, brinzolamide-containing eye drops may cause blurring of vision and eye pruritus [9,10]. A randomised study for add-on brinzolamide therapy to travoprost/timolol fixed combination eye drops showed numerically more conjunctival hyperaemia (10% vs 4%) and reduced visual acuity (4% vs 0%) compared to placebo and one case of drug discontinuation with mild anterior uveitis [11]. 

Mild burning was common in one retrospective review of topical azithromycin for adults with ocular rosacea [109 ]. While one RCT reported no adverse events post keratoplasty [110 ]. Another reported ocular adverse events in 40% contact lens-related dry eye patients, including conjunctival hyperaemia, conjunctival oedema, punctate keratitis, irritation, pain and foreign body sensation [111 ]. 

Sensory systems Eyes In a trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bimatoprost ophthalmic solution 0.03% in normal-tension glaucoma patients, the scores for conjunctival hyperaemia in the treated eyes were increased at each... 

Sensory systems Eyes The first prospective study to evaluate if benzalkonium-chloride-free travoprost 0.004% improved safety profile, particularly ocular surface tolerability, showed that the most important adverse event was conjunctival hyperaemia. It was reduced over the 3-month treatment period significantly from seven patients (23.3% at 6weeks) to only one patient (3.3%) having mild to moderate degree of hyperaemia at 12weeks [41]. 

Tearing, lid er)4hema and oedema, conjunctival hyperaemia and eye closure... 

Keratopathy has been reported in a few cases after prolonged topical use of epinephrine. Topical use of epinephrine normally causes a burning sensation, tear formation and ocular discomfort. On rare occasions a local conjunctival allergy can occur with hyperaemia, appearance of foUicles on the palpebral conjunctiva and occurrence of eosinophils. 

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