Conductor, alkali metal cationic

Alkali Metal Cation and Proton Conductors Relationships between Composition, Crystal Structure, and Properties... 

Tlie aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of materials where fast transport of alkali metal cations and protons is observed. A general discussion of factors affecting conductivity and techniques used to study ion migration paths is followed by a review of the large number of cation conductors. Materials with large alkali ions (Na-Cs) are often isostructural and therefore examined as a group. Tire lithium conductors with unique crystal structure types and proton conductors with unique conduction mechanisms are also discussed. 

The well-known pigmentary bronzes, which are electrical conductors and show a range of colours, contain reduced forms of WO3. In these compounds, a limited number of are replaced by cations, but the total number of O atoms remains constant. In order to maintain charge balance, alkali metal cations can be introduced in the otherwise empty channels to stabilise the structure ... 

As the electrolytes, alkali metal sulfates(M=Li, Na, and K)(l-ll), 3-Alumina(12), and NASIC0N(13, 14) have been examined. Alkali metal sulfates are cation conductors at elevated temperature(>700 C). However, they have several disadvantages. One is the phase transformation of the sulfates(15-18). By this transformation, cracks occur in the electrolyte body and result in the permeation of the ambient gases. The other disadvantage is their low electrical conductivity. Mono, di, or tri-valent cations(19-24) have been doped so as to enhance their conductivity. Furthermore, they become ductile at a tem-... 

It is also noteworthy that the ionic conductivity of a simple mixture of PEO and alkali metal salt was improved 10 to 100 times by employing larger cations such as sodium or potassium ions [17], whereas numerous lithium cation conductors are known to date. The improved ionic conductivity is attributed to the weaker... 

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