Conducting polymers formation

Charge transfer kinetics for electronically conducting polymer formation, 583 Charge transport in polymers, 567 Chemical breakdown model for passivity, 236... 

Quantum chemical calculations, 172 Quantum chemical method, calculations of the adsorption of water by, 172 Quantum mechanical calculations for the metal-solution interface (Kripsonsov), 174 and water adsorption, 76 Quartz crystal micro-balance, used for electronically conducting polymer formation, 578... 

Essentially, a membrane transport cell is used with oxidant on one side and monomer solution on the other. Where polymerization occurs depends on the relative mobility of the oxidant and the monomer.56 In fact, this can be used to localize conducting polymer formation within the membranes. For example, with a nation membrane and the use of S2082- as oxidant, polymerization is restricted to the oxidant side of the membrane owing to anion exclusion (nation is negatively charged). When Fe3+ is used as oxidant, polymerization occurs throughout the membrane. The use of different solvents can also affect the transport processes for oxidant and monomer. This... 

A. Merz, R. Schwarz, R. Schropp, 3,4-Dimethoxpyrrole - monomer synthesis and conducting polymer formation, Advanced Materials 1992, 4, 409. 

Because of the aqueous solubiUty of polyelectrolyte precursor polymers, another method of polymer blend formation is possible. The precursor polymer is co-dissolved with a water-soluble matrix polymer, and films of the blend are cast. With heating, the fully conjugated conducting polymer is generated to form the composite film. This technique has been used for poly(arylene vinylenes) with a variety of water-soluble matrix polymers, including polyacrjiamide, poly(ethylene oxide), polyvinylpyrroHdinone, methylceUulose, and hydroxypropylceUulose (139—141). These blends generally exhibit phase-separated morphologies. 

Formation Processes and Properties of Conducting Polymer Composites... 

Conducting polymer composite materials (CPCM) — artificial media based on polymers and conductive fillers, have been known since the early 1940s and widely used in various branches of science and technology. Their properties are described in a considerable number of monographs and articles [1-12]. However, the publications available do not clearly distinguish such materials from other composites and do not provide for specific features of their formation. 

The general goal in the recent efforts has been very practical — to ensure better control of Pu(IV) in low acid reprocessing steams through quantitative measurements of the parameters that determine polymer formation. Admittedly, similar studies have been conducted to some degree already, but... 

Both initiation and polymerization kinetics obtained from Tafel slopes (Fig. 5) are related to the formation of very thin films, which are not useful for most applications of conducting polymers. A similar restriction can be attributed to the combination of electrochemical and gravimet-... 

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