Conductance matching

This necessary and sufficient condition called conductance matching of oxidative phosphorylation relates the ratio of load and phosphorylation conductance to the degree of coupling.1 Thus, for any given degree of coupling and value of the conductance of phosphorylation, we can exactly... 

For mitochondria, L33 is an overall phenomenological coefficient lumping together all the conductances of ATP-utilizing processes, while Lx x shows the conductance of phosphorylation. If these two coefficients match according to Eq. (11.111), then the natural steady state of oxidative phosphorylation is at the optimal efficiency. Stucki called Eq. (11.111) the condition of conductance matching of oxidative phosphorylation, and presented an experimental verification. 

Dissipation with conductance matching at the static head is given by... 

At the conductance matching state, the dissipation Eq. (11.110) is minimum at the loci of the optimal efficiency states. At the optimal efficiency, the P/O ratio is given by... 

The optimum output power JxX )0Vt and the efficiency 0/, A, Tn)( nl are calculated from the plots of JxXx vs. x and JxXx r) vs. x, respectively. A transition from qv to q causes a 12% drop in output power (./,.V,) and a 51% increase in efficiency. For a favorable ATP production at optimal efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, we should have q < 1. With the consideration of conductance matching, Stucki (1980) determined four production functions, which are given in Table 11.4. 

Table 11.4 Production functions with the consideration of conductance matching...

The exergy lost at the static head with conductance matching, ( c)sh, and at the state of optimal efficiency, OPc)opt-are expressed by Stucki (1984) as follows... 

For the equation giving the temperature, the condition is that the flux of enthalpy normal to the wall as calculated from the eddy diffu-sivity and the thermal conductivity match the flux as calculated for transfer to the wall. The corresponding equation is... 

Note VX gas in an extremely poisonous gas of secret formula. A small quantity accidentally released during tests conducted Match 1968 in Utah instantly killed a herd of sheep (ca 6500)... 

Eutectic mixtures of quaternary ammonium salts with Lewis or Brpnsted acids were described as ILs [156], The conductivity, viscosity, density, and surface tension of a number of glycolic mixtures with choline chloride were measured over the mole fraction range 0-0.33. The data were fitted to hole theory. It was proposed that the composition at which the measured conductivity matched the theoretical value... 

At time th the heat flow by conduction matches the steady-state convective heat transfer from the body. If conditions are met to initiate convection before t, (this will depend on Pr and Ra), the heat flow falls monotonically in the transition regime, as along path A in Fig. 4.37b. Otherwise convection will not be initiated until to > t so the heat flow will have fallen below the steady-state value and must therefore recover from the undershoot in the transition regime as shown by path B. 

CHAPTER 11 Thermodynamics and Biological Systems 11.5.3 Dissipation with conductance matching... 

Table 11.3 Production Functions with the Consideration of Conductance Matching...

FIGURE 11.12 The change of ratio i/>3 in terms of flow ratio xand for the degree of couplings qt,qp,cl, and with load /S = 0.9 conductance matching. 

Here L is called the conductance matching of oxidative phosphorylation, and is defined by L = LpsJ -q (Stucki, 1980). 

---