Nerve agents concentration-time profile

Fig. 6 Concentration-time profile of antidotal atropine and its enantiomers S- and / -hyoscyamine in plasma of an in vivo swine study. Swine were topically exposed to the nerve agent VR (302 pg/ kg, t0) followed by administration of atropine sulphate (30 pg/kg) and the reactivating oxime HI 6 (12.8 mg/kg) via three i.m. injections into the rear leg at 30 (I), 180 (II) and 330 min (III). Blood samples were collected at distinct time points to generate EDTA plasma. Maximum concentrations were found 4 min after drug administration each. No differences of S- and R-Hyo concentrations were evident underlining similar elimination kinetics for both enantiomers. Data are mean and SD from duplicate measurement using the enantioselective LC-MS/MS approach of John et al. [47,49]. Black circles, total hyo grey circles, S-hyo grey triangles, R-hyo...

These selected representative examples indicate that concentration-time profiles are variable despite common underlying basic chemical reactions of hydrolysis and adduct formation. Despite improving medical treatment of nerve agent poisoning the concurrence of numerous physiological and pathophysiological parameters should be understood. Therefore, establishment of a descriptive and predictive model is of importance for the medical defense of OP compounds. 

Concentration-Time Profiles of Nerve Agents in Blood After Various Routes of Administration... 

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