Computer-aided design application

R. Fournet, V. Warth, P.A. Glaude, F. Battin-Leclerc, G.M. Come and G. Scacchi, Chemical Lumping of Detailed Mechanisms Obtained by Computer Aided Design Application to the Modelling of Alkanes Oxidation, 26th Symp. (Int.) Comb., Poster WIP-078 (1996). 

The rapid increase in computer applications is partly attributable to both the decreasing costs of hardware and software and to the increasing costs of human labor. This shift has given rise to a productivity factor assigned to various tasks performed by computers versus people. One figure recently quoted was a minimum factor of 4 to 5 for CAD (computer aided design), that is, one draftsman with a CAD system can replace 4 to 5 manual draftsmen. 

There is little doubt that computer-aided design techniques can give rise to drastic reductions of time and cost in designing pipeline networks. For small to medium applications Bonansinga (B8) estimated that a job which would have cost 500 by manual solution could now be accomplished at a cost of 7 using a computer. The comparison is even more favorable to the latter approach when multiple case studies are required. For large applications Neufville et al. (N3) estimated that the time required is about 1/100 of that required by manual calculations. 

Wu, C., Intelligent computer aided design on optimization of specific power of finite-time Rankine cycle using CyclePad. Journal of Computer Application in Engineering Education, 6(1), 9-13, 1998. 

As computers become more pervasive and increasingly powerful, specialized programs and databases are being developed to assist in a wide variety of research efforts. This is true in the search for solvent alternatives, and in this section we review the application of computers to solvent substitution studies and cover computer-aided molecular design of new solvents, methods developed for the prediction of physical properties, methods for predicting less precise chemical characteristics such as toxicity and carcinogenicity, and computer-aided design of alternative synthetic pathways. 

Computer-aided engineering applications have been developed to optimize the molded part design with respect to manufacturing and end use performance. Many, if not most, commercial molding applications utilize mold filling analyses to analyze the melt flow and pressure distribution in the injection mold before the mold is manufactured. Typically, these analyses... 

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