Compressed bond

In molecules, both nonbonding pairs and multiple bonds compress bond angles. 

Let us analyze the curve in Fig. 17.16.1 Spherical metal ions prefering metal-amine distances similar to those at the minimum of the curve (2.07 A) will fit best to the ligand and consequently lead to especially stable complexes. Metal ions preferring smaller bonds (<2.07 A, as is the case, e. g., for cobalt(III),) or larger bonds (>2.07 A, as, e. g., for copper(l) or zinc(II)) will have elongated or compressed bonds, respectively, and relatively lower stabilities (i. e., higher strain energies). 

Any factor that changes the lattice parameters of crystalline specimens can also distort their X-ray diffraction spectra. For example, residual stress in solid specimens may shift the diffraction peak position in a spectrum. Residual stress generates strain in crystalline materials by stretching or compressing bonds between atoms. Thus, the spacing of crystallographic planes... 

Column 100 X 8 4 xm Nova-Pak phenyl radially compressed bonded phase cartridge Mobile phase MeCN 20 mM sodium acetate buffer 50 50 conteuning 0.1% triethylamine, final pH 5.5 Flowrate 2 Injection volume 100... 

Methylcyclohexene contains a trisubstituted double bond and is therefore more stable than methyl-enecyclohexane, whose double bond is only disubstituted. The stability order in the three-membered rings is affected by angle strain because the geometry compresses bond angles to about 60° This compression is worse... 

Figure 7.1 Strength of steel specimens under normal compression bonded with (a) Sprut-5M and (b) VAK (1) in air (2) under water (3) in oil.

Modified rail test See Torque strength Disk shear in compression Bond strength in compressive shear... 

These experiments show the feasibility of thermal compression bonding. More details on CMP for TSVs are discussed in a separate chapter of this book. 

ZEBRA Batteries, Fig. 1 Basic cell structure of ZEBRA battery. 1 Cell can for the Na negative electrode, 2 Na negative electrode, 3 ceramic electrode tube made of P-alumina, 4 mixture for the positive electrode (NiCl2 + NaAlCl4), 5 current collector for positive electrode, 6 thermal compression bond... 

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