Composite curves translation

This is accomplished by translation of the small curves along the log t axis until they are all superimposed to form a large composite curve. The technique can be illustrated using data for polyisobutylene at several temperatures. An arbitrary temperature To is first ehosen to serve as a reference, which in the present case is 298 K. 

The complete curve for the response of an uncross-linked polymer at a fixed temperature, depicted here, covers so many decades of time that it has only been measured at a single temperature on a very few low-molecular-weight polymers. The experimental results seen in the literature are actually a composite of data taken at several temperatures over a limited time scale. The effect of a temperature rise is to translate the main transition in the curve of Figure 5A to the left, toward shorter time, with essentially no change in shape. 

The energy of elastic strain modifies the Gibbs free energy curve of the mixture, and the general result is that, in the presence of elastic strain, both solvus and spinodal decomposition fields are translated, pressure and composition being equal, to a lower temperature, as shown in figure 3.16. 

Comparison of telescopic spectra of asteroids (shown by dots and black curves) with meteorite spectra measured in the laboratory (gray curves). Spectral similarities can be used to estimate the compositions of asteroids and infer correlations. Because absolute reflectance (albedo) depends on particle sizes and packing in surface regoliths, it is permissible to translate asteroid spectra up or down in the diagram to obtain a match. 

Figure 3 depicts an example of the translational energy distribution P(E,p) of Cl atoms obtained in the 193 nm photodissociation. The smooth curve through the experimental points shows a fit to a composite of two MB distributions with the values of low and high translational energies tabulated in Table 2. 

Figure 9 A typical potential-capacity curve in a first and a few subsequent cycles (voltage vs. time translated to capacity in mAh/gr) of a composite graphite electrode comprised of synthetic flakes in an EC-DMC/LiAsFj solution, cycled galvanostatically at C/10 h vs. a lithium counter electrode. (See [76-78].)...

In A-TREF, the column temperature is increased continuously and the polymer concentration in the eluent is measured with an online detector to obtain TREF profiles of weight fraction of eluted polymer vs. temperature. The temperature axis is subsequently translated into a chemical composition axis using a suitable calibration curve. The calibration curve of chemical composition (copolymer) vs. temperature is generated for particular experimental conditions (cooling rate, comonomer type, solvent, etc.) by using copolymer standards with narrow CCDs. These narrow CCD copolymers are typically obtained from P-TREF fractionation or direct synthesis using single-site catalysts. It has to be pointed out here that the... 

Af (PS) = 2 10, M(PVME) — 4.7 10. For molecular weights in this range the contribution of the translational entropy becomes very small indeed and mixing properties are mostly controlled by x- The curved appearance of the binodal, which contrasts with the result of the model calculation in Fig. 3.18 where we obtained for polymers with medium or high molecular weights a nearly horizontal line, is indicative of a pronounced compositional dependence of X- This represents a case where the Flory-Huggins treatment does not provide a comprehensive description. Interactions in this mixture are of a complex nature and apparently change with the sample composition, so that it becomes impossible to represent them by just one constant. 

Figure 5.2 shows the mechanical data of the tensile tests in the synchrotron beam. The true stress a is plotted as a function of the local stfain s measured at the point of irradiation by the synchrotron beam. The spot-translation tail of the curves has been discarded. Obviously, the uncompatibilized materials (pure PP and PP+MMT) start necking at a higher elongation ( 0.29) than the composites that contain... 

---