Combustion reaction The vigorous and

Combustion reaction The vigorous and exothermic reaction that takes place between certain substances, particularly organic compounds, and oxygen. 

Combustion represents the vigorous reaction of a hydrocarbon (or other substances) with oxygen. It has been used as a source of heat and light. 

DSC analysis of Zinc/PTFE mixtures reveals a pre-ignition reaction commencing at 270°C that is followed by both fusion endotherm signal of PTFE and Zinc (Figure 5.21). At the fusion point of Zinc the actual combustion reaction starts vigorously. In nitrogen atmosphere the combustion reaction is delayed and does not start at the fusion of Zn [24]. 

Xenon difluoride (or the tetrafluoride, or their mixtures) could not be caused to detonate by impact. Xenon difluoride and xenon tetrafluoride both may cause explosion in contact with acetone, aluminium, pentacarbonyliron, styrene, polyethylene, lubricants, paper, sawdust, wool or other combustible materials. Their vigorous reactions with ethanol, potassium iodate or potassium permanganate are not explosive, however. 

Reaction with water is vigorous, and with large amounts of peroxide it may be explosive. Contact of the peroxide with combustibles and traces of water may cause ignition [1], Violent explosions on two occasions during attempted preparation of oxygen were attributed to traces of sodium in the peroxide. The former would liberate hydrogen and ignite the detonable mixture [2,3],... 

Hydrogen trisulphide is much more easily combustible than the crude parent hydrogen polysulphide. Exposure to light tends to accelerate its decomposition. It slowly reduces concentrated sulphuric acid to sulphur dioxide, whilst on contact with dry silver oxide, cupric oxide, lead dioxide or mercuric oxide, it bursts into explosive combustion,2 a residue of the metallic sulphide being obtained. Many other metallic oxides and most salts bring about a less vigorous decomposition metals in the massive condition only react with it slowly. With potassium permanganate or dichromate the reaction is violent. 

In addition to the dangers posed by the vigor of the reaction, it is possible that noxious organic products are evolved. Accidental exposure to air in the presence of moisture can result in the generation of sufficient heat to cause complete combustion of trimethylaluminum to the oxides of aluminum and carbon and to water. 

At a sufficiently high temperature alkanes do react vigorously and exothermically with oxygen, and these combustion reactions are the basis for their widespread use as fuels. For example, the reaction of butane with oxygen is... 

This oxyhydrogen torch uses hydrogen as its fuel and oxidizes hydrogen to water in a vigorous combustion reaction. Like the torch, fuel cells also oxidize hydrogen to water, but fuel cells operate at a much more controlled rate. 

This class of reactions, carried out in fluidized beds, involves parallel and series reactions, with reaction intermediates being the desired products. Industrial examples include partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride and o-xylene to phthalic anhydride. The vigorous solid mixing of fluidized beds is valuable for these reactions because they are highly exothermic. However, gas backmixing must be minimized to avoid extended gas residence times that lead to the formation of products of total combustion (i.e., CO2 and H2O). For this reason, fluidized bed catalytic partial oxidation reactors are operated in the higher velocity regimes of turbulent and fast-fluidization. 

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