Combination tables cycloalkanes

To name an alkane in which the carbon atoms form a single chain, we combine a prefix denoting the number of carbon atoms with the suffix -ane (Table 18.1). For example, CH,—CH, (more simply, CH,CH,) is ethane and CH,—CH2—CH, (that is, CH,CH2CH,) is propane. Cyclopropane, C,H6 (15), and cyclohexane, C6H12 (16), are cycloalkanes, alkanes that contain rings of carbon atoms. 

This reaction can be applied to different reagent combinations. The reagents most often used are carboxamides and formaldehyde or nitriles and formaldehyde (67FRP1478076 71ITP886285, 71S92 93T3907). The cycloalkane[e]oxazines 173 prepared by this method are listed in Table II. 

Additioneilly, "classes" or types of hydrocarbons were and still are determined based on the capability to isolate them by separation techniques. The four types usually sought eue paraffins, olefins, naphthenes, and aromatics. Paraffinic hydrocarbons include both normal and branched alkanes. Olefins refer to normal and branched alkenes that contain one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds. Naphthene (not to be confused with naphthalene ) is a term of the petroleum industry that refers to the saturated cyclic hydrocarbons or cycloalkanes. Finally, aromatics include all hydrocarbons containing one or more rings of the benzenoid structure. These general hydrocarbon classifications are complicated by many combinations of the above types, for example, olefinic aromatics (styrene) or alkylbenzenes (cumene). Table 4 presents a summary of the hydrocarbon types usually found in specific petroleum fractions. 

---