Column order

Column order Place independent variables (i.e., what you controlled) in the leftmost columns, in a logical order. Place dependent variables (i.e., what you measured) in the rightmost columns. Hence, tables are read from left to right, from controlled variables to measured values. 

In Gunn s procedure the matrix of split-fraction coefficients is represented by three vectors a vector D containing the non-zero coefficients, in column order within consecutive rows an integer vector Z, of the same dimensions as D, containing the column address of each non-zero element and an integer vector L giving the position in the other vectors of the first element in each row. The program MM3 contains a sub-routine that automatically reads the values from the data file into these vectors for the calculation procedure. 

Matrices A and B can be multiplied provided that they are conformable in the order written, that is, that the number of columns column order) of the first matrix equals the number of rows row order) of the second. The product C of a m x n matrix A by a n x p matrix B has the elements... 

The matrix subtraction process also requires row-column order equality. 

Conditions Column Order and Length C] g(10 cm) 2. Phenyl (15 cm) Flow rate 50 ul/mln Delay Volume 220 ul ... 

The two more symmetric miktoarm stars showed an even more complex morphology. In this microdomain structme the PI phase forms convex triangular prism-shaped coliunns centered on sites with threefold symmetry. The PI prism columns are separated by PS columns forming a hexagonal lattice. The PS microdomains are centered on sites with twofold symmetry. The PI and PS microdomains surround the PMMA cylindrical columns ordered in a hexagonal array with sixfold symmetry. The structure is two-dimensionaUy periodic (Fig. 2). In this morphology the junction points are allowed to be situated in lines where the three different types of microdomains coincide. 

Note that the ordering used in upwards-closure is with respect to the pattern and not the column order. The intuition behind upwards closure is that, in line with our notion of partial instantiation and although not all nodes need be instantiated, we do require that parameters can be instantiated in order from the root. A row, therefore, consists of the data that instantiates an upward-closed fragment of the pattern, following the paths of the fragment up until the join (see Fig. 4 for an example). 

There is a strong tendency for aromatic molecules to aggregate face to face and the formation of columnar phases by discotic molecules is widespread. There is a cascade of discotic columnar phase structures, roughly analogous to the alphabet of smectic phases. Some of these are shown in Fig. 1.14 to give an indication of the range of possible structures. Columnar structures are characterised in terms of the pattern of stacking within the columns (ordered or disordered) and the appearance of the two-dimensional lattice, as seen in a cross-section normal to the column axes. 

For columnar mesophases, the mobility is enhanced as the molecular (inter- or intra-column) order is increased as in the case of smectic mesophases. For example, the mobility is on the order of 10 cm s in a columnar ordered phase. 

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