Clusters conjugated chains

Lahti and Ichimura described oligo-cluster models of polyphenoxyl systems (e.g., in Fig. 11) in semiempirical MO-CI computational studies of potential experimental targets.111 Their findings indicated that such systems would maintain interspin exchange even with moderate amounts of torsion of their pendant spin units or main conjugated chain units, up to about 30°. 

The H-site is formed of clusters ofnon-polar amino acid side chains which provide a highly hydrophobic surface, which, in the absence of a drug substrate is open to bulk solvent Binding of substrates to this site has been shown to relate to increased lipophilicity for substrates (4-hydroxyalkenes). The actual conjugation reaction, with the thiolate anion acting as a nucleophile proceeds via an SN2-type mechanism yielding the deactivated product... 

The cleaning action of soap is due to the dual nature of the conjugate base of the fatty acid molecule. On one end is the ionic carboxylate anion group the rest of the molecule consists of a nonpolar hydrocarbon chain. The tonic part, called the head is attracted to a polar solvent such as water and is hydrophilic, whereas the long hydrocarbon tail is hydrophobic. In water, soap molecules tend to group together in clusters called micelles, with their ionic heads oriented toward the water molecules and their hydrocarbon tails in the interior of the cluster so that unfavorable interactions with water are avoided. Non-... 

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