Clonal anergy

Nossal GJ, Pike BE Clonal anergy persistence in tolerant mice of antigenbinding B lymphocytes incapable of responding to antigen or mitogen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980 77 1602-1606. 

Jenkins. M.K. "The Role of Cell Division in die Induciion of Clonal Anergy. Immunology Today. 69 (February 1992). 

Schwartz. R.ll. "A Cell Culture Model for T Lymphocyte Clonal Anergy," Seieme. 1349 (June 15. 19911). 

Schwartz, R. H., A cell culture model for T lymphocyte clonal anergy. Science 248,1349—1356... 

O Hehir RE, Lamb JR Induction of specific clonal anergy in human T lymphocytes by Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990 87 8884-8888. 

Rammensee HG, Kroschewski R, Frangoulis B Clonal anergy induced in mature V beta 6+ T lymphocytes on immunizing Mls-lb mice with Mls-la expressing cells. Nature 1989 339 541-544. 

Baschieri S, Lees RK, Lussow AR, MacDonald HR Clonal anergy to staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vivo selective effects onT cell subsets and lymphokines. Eur J Immunol 1993 23 2661-2666. 

Anergy. Lack of immune responsiveness (usually defined as lack of response to common recall antigens). The failure of B or T cells to proliferate in response to defined autoantigens ( - clonal anergy) is a primary mechanism of self-tolerance. 

Clonal anergy. State of specific functional unresponsiveness. Failure of B or T cells to proliferate in response to antigen by downregulation of the antigen receptor complex and/or cytokine receptors and costimulatory molecules. Primary mechanism involved in the induction and maintenance of - self-tolerance. 

Infectious MMTV transmitted via milk to newborn mice induces both anergy and clonal deletion (reviewed in Acha-Orbea et al. [113]). Papiemik et al. [108] showed that such an infection selectively spared vSAg-reactive CD4+CD25+ T cells. These cells were phenotypically and functionally identical to natural Tregs [105, 108, 114], The Tregs were shown to reduce the cytokine burst induced by bSAg in an IL-10-dependent way [105] and were proposed to protect T cells from vSAg-induced clonal deletion. 

Others appear to be killed (clonal deletion) or to become unreactive toward antigen. The latter enter a state referred to as anergy. ° ... 

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