Clearing amphotropics

As a result, not all the compounds discussed in the following are already tested for both, lyo- and thermomesomorphism. Thus, in some cases their amphotropic behavior is not yet proved but nevertheless likely. On the other hand, it becomes more and more clear that the strong separation of both kinds of liquid crystallinity is fading [65]. The amphiphilic/amphotropic compounds seem to open a view on an uniform field of liquid crystals, regarding both lyo-and thermotropic behavior of compounds together as one intrinsic principle of nature. 

Whereas monophilic liquid crystals can show a high diversity of smectic phases (SmA-SmQ), the amphotropic liquid crystals normally exhibit only the SmA phase. Tilted smectic phases are only observed in a few cases. The first indication of possibly tilted phases was given in 1933 for thallium stearate [ 170]. A disordered SmC phase was also clearly deseribed for mesogens containing a classical calamitic core aside to their amphiphilic structure [171]. Monophilic liquid crystals can show various ordered tilted smectic phases, for example, smectic I, F, G, J, H, and K. In the case of lipids only one mesophase, the j8 phase,... 

---