Circulation, atmospheric motions wind

This field is almost always in a state of change and is characterised by a spectrum of atmospheric motions ranging from micro-scale eddies, through meso-scale to synoptic-scale circulations. The elements of the field critical to pollutant transport are wind speed and wind direction. 

Flowing fluids are ubiquitous in Nature, from large scale atmospheric winds and oceanic currents to the circulation of blood or flow around microorganisms swimming in a liquid media. Fluid motion is also important in industrial processing and affects the motion of vehicles (cars, aircrafts etc.). In this chapter we briefly review the basic concepts and fundamental laws describing the motion of fluids. More details can be found in fluid dynamics textbooks (see, e.g. Batchelor (1967), Lamb (1932), Landau and Lifschitz (1959), Tritton (1988)). 

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