Chromium manganese oxide electrodes

Zagal, J.H., S. Lira, and S. Ureta-Zanartu (1986). A mechanistic study of the electro-oxidation of hydrazine on phthalocyanines of vanadyl, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper and zinc attached to graphite electrodes. J. Electroanal. Chem. 210(1), 95-110. 

Welding Fumes, gases oxides of cadmium, chromium, fluorides, iron, manganese, nickel, nitrogen, vanadium, by-products from fluxes, coatings, electrodes... 

Copper(II) and cerium(IV) have been studied as oxidants in acetonitrile. The copper(II)-copper(I) couple has an estimated electrode potential of 0.68 V relative to the silver reference electrode. It has been studied as an oxidant for substances such as iodide, hydroquinone, thiourea, potassium ethyl xanthate, diphenylbenzidine, and ferrocene. Cerium(IV) reactions are catalyzed by acetate ion. Copper(I) is a suitable reductant for chromium(VI), vanadium(V), cerium(IV), and manganese(VII) in the presence of iron(III). For details on many studies of redox reactions in nonaqueous solvents, the reader is referred to the summary by Kratochvil. ... 

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