Chromatin margination

Morphological features of apoptosis following retinal ischemia, such as DNA fragmentation, nuclear condensation, and chromatin marginalization have been... 

Chromatin marginates as large crescent aggregates Chromatin marginates as small aggregates... 

Chromatin margination Cellular blebbing Cytoplasmic vacuolation... 

FIGURE 34-2 Typical pattern of Alzheimer type II astrocytosis in frontal cortex of a 51-year-old cirrhotic patient who died in hepatic coma. Note astrocytes with large pale nucleus and margination of chromatin (large arrow). Doublets of Alzheimer type II cells frequently appear (open arrowhead). 

Fig. 1. Electron micrograph demonstrating nuclear morphological changes during apoptosis in postovulatory follicle cell of Astyanax bimaculatus lacustris. Arrowheads indicate marginalization of chromatin into moon-shaped fragments in the periphery of the nucleus (N). Micrograph image courtesy of Drummond et al.36.

Fig. 4. Combined use of flow cytometry/cell sorting and confocal laser scanning microscopy. TNF-a/ActD treated Hepa-1 cells were stained with CMX Rosamine and then analyzed for mitochondrial membrane potential and NAD(P)H fluorescence (A). Cells in different regions of the cytogram were then sorted, and subsequently stained with the DNA fluorochrome Hoechst 33342. These cells were then examined by CLSM. (B), (C), and (D) show three-dimensional reconstructions of nuclei from cells sorted from healthy, early apoptotic, and late apoptotic populations. Whereas healthy cells show normal round nuclei, early and late apoptotic cells show progressive chromatin condensation/margination and nuclear fragmentation.

Fig. 3. An apoptotic pancreatic acinar cell from a rat treated with 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-3-butene. The cell has a rounded morphology and has lost all but a few of its zymogen granules ( ). There is early condensation of nuclear chromatin (small arrows) around the margins of the nuclear envelope and the nucleolus (nu) is partially segregated from the chromatin. Most mitochondria (M) are normal in morphology, although one swollen one (large arrow) with microhemiation is present. Bar = 5 pm.

Mild convolution Chromatin compaction and margination. 1 Condensation of cytoplasm... 

Alveolar macrophages from male Sprague-Dawley rats instilled intratracheally with 5 mg CuO suspended in 0.5 ml saline one week before showed significant increase in size and contained numerous vacuoles (Murthy et al. 1982). Their polymorphic nuclei with margination of the chromatin and well developed nucleoli were eccentrically placed. lipid droplets in the cytoplasm were numerous, and often appeared to fuse to form large vacuoles. Other cytoplasmic constituents included numerous bizarre-shaped membranous bodies, myeUn figures, and crystalloid-like inclusions. The mitochondria appeared smaller when compared with those of the control animals. The plasmalemma displayed considerable undulations and numerous cytoplasmic processes. 

The mature epithelioid cell has a large nucleus fairly regular in outline with finely marginated nuclear chromatin (Fig. 167). The presence of one or more large, spherical, reticulated nucleoli is typical. 

SVM is also useful for solving the multivariate problems in cancer diagnosis work. H.X. Liu and his coworkers have used nine features in the diagnosis of breast cancer clump thickness, uniformity of cell size, uniformity of cell shape, marginal adhesion, single epithelial cell size, bare nuclei, bland chromatin, normal nucleoli and mitosis. 

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