Choosing the Base Case

In addition to attempting to provide heuristic rules for choosing the base case, process synthesis research attempts also to develop systematic methods for the evolution of the flowsheet from the base case to the... 

In this case, the Hofmann product is the major product, because a sterically hindered base was used. This case illustrates an important concept The regiochemical outcome of an E2 reaction can often be controlled by carefully choosing the base. Below are two examples of sterically hindered bases that will be encountered frequently throughout your organic chemistry course ... 

For most health economic evaluations, which include cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, and cost-utility analyses, one needs to choose a base-case scenario and the perspective of evaluation. Often, the societal perspective is adopted, but it can be from an individual s or a payer s perspective. The costs or benefits are valued in two approaches ... 

In many SN2 reactions, the nucleophile is generated by deprotonation of an organic acid. For each molecule, choose the base best suited to completely remove the labeled proton. (Consider pK values and recognize that, in some cases, dianions should be considered.) Explain your answers. 

The base case has the manufacturer selling through three independent retailers, where the manufacturer first sets w and then the retailers maximize their individual profits by choosing their and e. In the partially integrated case,... 

In most cases it is desirable to choose the base temperatures reasonably close to the distillation temperatures. For such cases ci and C2 can be taken at constant average values and... 

Step 1 Choose Option 2 as the base case, because it has the lowest capital investment. 

We consider the scenario in Table 5.19, where reactor inlet temperature for each reactor bed is fixed to certain values. The values in parenthesis indicate change from the base case. We change the reactor inlet temperatures by values given in the table for four subsequent model runs. We choose these values to highlight the effect of reactor inlet temperatures on the initial, final and intermediate beds independently. The results of this case study appear in Table 5.20. 

The first step in the data analysis process is to choose the level of decomposition. A selection level early in the decomposition is desired since the mechanism is more likely to be related to the process of the actual failure onset point of the material (i.e., thermal decomposition). The analyst must be cautious to use former experience with the construction of the model construction of the method so as not to select a level too early and cross material failure with the measurement of some volatilization that is not involved in the failure mechanism. A value of 5% decomposition level (sometimes called conversion ) is a commonly chosen value. This is the case in the example in Fig. 4.25, and all other calculations from the following plots were based on this level. 

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