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Choline protein kinase

Fig. 6.11. Formation and function of diacylglycerol. The figure schematically shows two main pathways for formation of diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG can be formed from PtdInsP2 by the action of phospholipase C (PL-C). Another pathway starts from phosphatidyl chohne. Phospholipase D (PL-D) converts phosphatidyl choline to phosphatidic add (Ptd), and the action of phosphatases results in DAG. Arachidonic add, the starting point of biosynthesis of prostaglandins and other intracellular and extracellular messenger substances, can be cleaved from DAG. PKC protein kinase C Ptdins phosphatidyl inositol. Fig. 6.11. Formation and function of diacylglycerol. The figure schematically shows two main pathways for formation of diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG can be formed from PtdInsP2 by the action of phospholipase C (PL-C). Another pathway starts from phosphatidyl chohne. Phospholipase D (PL-D) converts phosphatidyl choline to phosphatidic add (Ptd), and the action of phosphatases results in DAG. Arachidonic add, the starting point of biosynthesis of prostaglandins and other intracellular and extracellular messenger substances, can be cleaved from DAG. PKC protein kinase C Ptdins phosphatidyl inositol.
Synthesis of phosphatidylcholine. The rate-limiting reaction is that catalyzed by cytidylyltransferase (reaction 2) which appears to be active only when attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, although it is also found free in the cytosol. Cytidylyltransferase is inactivated by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase and activated by a phosphatase. Translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum can be stimulated by substrates such as fatty acyl Coenzyme A (CoA). Choline deficiency can result in deposition of triacylglycerol in liver and reduced phospholipid synthesis. Enzymes (1) choline kinase ... [Pg.403]

Ceramides are intracellular signaling molecules implicated in the induction of cellular apoptosis (Kolesnick and Krbnke, 1998 Hannun and Luberto, 2000), and are known to induce several protein kinases and phosphatases (Mathias et al., 1991 Dobrowsky et al., 1993 Vietor et al., 1993). Ceramide analogs have been shown to inhibit PC synthesis (Bladergroen et al., 1999 Allan, 2000 Ramos et al., 2000 Vivekananda et al., 2001). Ceramides may directly affect the biosynthesis of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by inhibiting the enzymes of the CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine pathways (Bladergroen et al., 1999 Awasthi et al., 2001 Ramos et al., 2002). [Pg.258]

We will discuss small molecule inhibitors of three main classes of nonprotein kinases sugar kinases, nucleoside kinases and lipid kinases. This chapter will be limited to discussion of the inhibition of human kinases. Several non-human non-protein kinases have been the focus of drug development efforts as well, including choline kinase for inhibition of Plasmodium, uridine-cytidine kinase as an anti-parasitic target and thymidine kinase inhibitors as an anti-mycobacterial treatment or for treatment of Herpes simplex viral infections. These applications will not be discussed in this chapter. Peptide... [Pg.161]

Pedersen, W.A., Cashman, N.R. and Mattson, M.P. 1999. The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal impairs glutamate and glucose transport tmd choline acetyltransferase activity in NSC-19 motor neuron cells. Exp. Neurol. 155 1-10 Pei, J.J., Sersen, E., Iqbal, K. and Grundke-Iqbal, I. 1994. Expression of protein phosphatases (PP-1, PP-2A, PP-2B and PTP-IB) and protein kinases (MAP kinase and P34cdc2) in the hippocampus of patients with Alzheimer disease and normal aged individuals. Brain Res. 655 70-76... [Pg.523]

Fig. 9.8 Examples of rule-of-three compliant molecules that have biological activity better than 10 nM. Under each molecule, the following information is included molecule name, MW, ClogP, the biological activity type, value and target. Target names are as follows D3 and D4 - dopaminergic receptor types 2 and 3 AChE and BChE - acetyl- and butyryl-choline esterases PRa and PRb - progesterone receptor types A and B H] and H3, histamine receptor types 1 and 3 5-HT2a, 5-HT2b, 5-HT2c, 5-HT3, 5-HT4 - serotonin receptor subtypes 2A, 2B, 2C, and types 3 and 4 DAT, NET, 5-HTT - dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin transporter proteins /X], /x.2, S, ki, ks - opioid receptor types mu-1, mu-2, delta, kappa-1 and kappa-3 5a-Rl and 5o -R2 - 5-alpha-reductase isozymes 1 and 2 Flt-1-fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor. Fig. 9.8 Examples of rule-of-three compliant molecules that have biological activity better than 10 nM. Under each molecule, the following information is included molecule name, MW, ClogP, the biological activity type, value and target. Target names are as follows D3 and D4 - dopaminergic receptor types 2 and 3 AChE and BChE - acetyl- and butyryl-choline esterases PRa and PRb - progesterone receptor types A and B H] and H3, histamine receptor types 1 and 3 5-HT2a, 5-HT2b, 5-HT2c, 5-HT3, 5-HT4 - serotonin receptor subtypes 2A, 2B, 2C, and types 3 and 4 DAT, NET, 5-HTT - dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin transporter proteins /X], /x.2, S, ki, ks - opioid receptor types mu-1, mu-2, delta, kappa-1 and kappa-3 5a-Rl and 5o -R2 - 5-alpha-reductase isozymes 1 and 2 Flt-1-fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor.
Glycine max (L.) Merrill G. soja Sieb. Zucc. Da Dou Ye Da Dou (Soybean) (seed) Protein, isoflavone derivatives, genisteine, daidzein, riboflavin, thiamine, niacin, pantothenic acid, choline.33,67 Phytoestrogenic, elevate the vasomotor system, prevent cancer, a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine kinase. [Pg.87]

Additional information <1-8, 10, 11, 14, 17> (<14> choline kinase and ethanolamine kinase activities are mediated by 2 distinct active sites, possibly on a single protein [7] <17> choline kinase and ethanolamine kinase may not have a common active site in a single enzyme protein [8] <1-8, 10, 11, 17> choline kinase and ethanolamine kinase are 2 distinct enzymes [9, 10, 12, 14] <17> ethanolamine kinase II and choline kinase do not use a common active site [11] cf. EC 2.7.1.32) [7-12, 14[... [Pg.303]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.110 ]




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Choline kinase

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